纳米SiC增强铝基复合材料中增强颗粒含量对材料结构和性能的影响  

Effect of Reinforcement Particle Content on Structure and Properties of Nano SiC Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites

作　　者：刘超 邢雪青[2] 史颖 宋立新[1] 龙凌[3] LIU Chao;XING Xue-qing;SHI Ying;SONG Li-xin;LONG Ling(Advanced Manufacturing Institute of Polymer Industry,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China;Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Hunan Industry Polytechnic,Changsha 410208,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学高分子产业高端制造研究院,辽宁沈阳110142 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049 [3]湖南工业职业技术学院,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《塑料科技》2021年第10期59-64,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅青年科技人才“育苗”项目(LQ2020007);辽宁省攀登学者项目。

摘　　要：以A356铝合金为基体材料,碳化硅(SiC)颗粒为增强体,通过超声分散液相熔融吹塑工艺制备不同SiC质量分数的Al/SiC复合材料,分析SiC的加入量对Al/SiC复合材料的物相组成、微观结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:纳米SiC的加入抑制FeSiAl_(4.5)相生成,加入质量分数1%SiC抑制效果十分显著。Al/1%SiC复合材料中α-Al晶粒尺寸明显减小且共晶硅组织更细化,此时纳米SiC在Al基体中分布均匀。SiC加入量增至2%、3%时,SiC增强体减小,基体α-Al晶粒尺寸与细化共晶硅组织的作用减弱。TEM分析可观察A356中FeSiAl_(4.5)相组织形貌以及Al/SiC复合材料中均匀分布的纳米SiC颗粒。同步辐射X射线吸收谱说明A356基体中Fe元素是以FeSiAl_(4.5)相的形式存在。Al/1%SiC复合材料的力学性能最佳,抗拉强度达到236 MPa、断裂伸长率增至10%,而Al/2%SiC与Al/3%SiC复合材料的力学性能提升有限。Using A356 aluminum alloy as the matrix material and silicon carbide (SiC) particles as the reinforcement,Al/SiC composites with different SiC mass fractions were prepared by the ultrasonic dispersion liquid phase melt blow molding process.The effect of SiC addition on Al/SiC was analyzed.The influence of phase composition,microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC composites.The results show that the addition of nano-SiC suppressed the formation of FeSiAl_(4.5)phase,and the suppression effect of adding 1%SiC by mass fraction is very significant.The α-Al grain size in the Al/1%SiC composite is significantly reduced and the eutectic silicon structure is more refined.At this time,the nanoSiC is uniformly distributed in the Al matrix.When the SiC addition amount is increased to 2%and 3%,the SiCreinforcement decreases,and the effect of theα-Al grain size of the matrix and the refinement of the eutectic silicon structure is weakened.The morphology of FeSiAl_(4.5)phase in A356 and the homogeneous distribution of nano-SiC particles in Al/SiC composites can be observed by TEM.The synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectrum shows that the Fe element in the A356 matrix is in the form of FeSiAl_(4.5)phase.The mechanical properties of Al/1%SiC composites are the best,with a tensile strength of 236 MPa and an elongation at break increased to 10%,while the improvement of the mechanical properties of Al/2%SiC and Al/3%SiC composites is limited.

关 键 词：AL/SIC复合材料 纳米增强体 晶粒细化 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]