页岩体积压裂支撑剂铺置运移模拟及其应用  

Simulation of proppant placement and migration in shale volume fracturing and its application

作　　者：林啸 杨兆中[1] 胡月 许旭东 刘一婷 罗攀 LIN Xiao;YANG Zhaozhong;HU Yue;XU Xudong;LIU Yiting;LUO Pan(College of Oil and Gas Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd Downhole Service Company,Chengdu 610051,China;No.11 Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield,Qingyang 745000,China;Research Institute of Shanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co Ltd,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司井下作业公司,四川成都610051 [3]中国石油长庆油田第十一采油厂,甘肃庆阳745000 [4]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2021年第6期151-157,共7页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“非均质陆相页岩气储层压裂改造配套工艺技术”(2017ZX05039⁃004)。

摘　　要：支撑剂在裂缝中的运移是页岩体积压裂中的难点及研究热点,目前一般将裂缝考虑为矩形平板状,但据现场实际、室内实验、微地震监测、理论分析,体积压裂裂缝一般具有不规则齿状特征,裂缝初始延伸方向很有可能与最终延伸方向存在一定夹角,并极有可能形成裂缝网络。针对页岩体积压裂中支撑剂在粗糙、迂曲的复杂裂缝中运移的问题,通过自底向顶的方式建立了三维粗糙迂曲裂缝模型,模拟了不同粗糙程度和迂曲程度中的固液两相流,研究了压裂液和支撑剂性能对铺砂的影响。结果表明:裂缝粗糙程度越大,裂缝迂曲、扭转程度越大,裂缝内平均砂浓度越高,铺砂越均匀;压裂液流速、黏度越大,支撑剂粒径、密度越小,平均砂浓度越高,铺砂越均匀。基于此结论对某井进行了支撑剂优选和组合,压裂施工过程顺利,压后效果较好。The migration of proppant in fractures is the difficult point and research hotspot in shale volumefractur⁃ing.At present,the fractures are generally considered as rectangular plates.However,according to the field prac⁃tice,laboratory experiments,microseismic monitoring and theoretical analysis,the fractures in volume fracturing generally have the characteristics of irregular tooth shape,while the initial extension directions of fracturesare likely to intersect with the final extension directions and most probably to form a fracture network.In the light of the mi⁃gration of shale volumefracturing proppant in the rough and tortuous complex fractures,the 3D roughness⁃tortuosity fracture model was established fron bottom to top to simulate the solid⁃liquid two⁃phase flow in different roughness and tortuosity,and to study the influence of fracturing liquid and proppant performances on the sand placement.The results show the greater the fracture roughness,the greater the fracture tortuosity and torsion;the higher the sand average concentration in the fractures,the more uniform the sand laying;the larger the flow rate and viscosity of fracturing fluid,the smaller the particle size and density of proppant;the higher the sand average concentration,the more uniform the sand placement.Based on the conclusions,the optimization and combination of proppant type were conducted for a well.The fracturing operation process was smooth and the post⁃frac effects were good.

关 键 词：三维粗糙裂缝 三维迂曲裂缝 支撑剂运移 支撑剂铺置 携砂液 两相流 

分 类 号：TE312[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]