2019年南昌市生活污水中脊髓灰质炎病毒监测研究  

Surveillance of poliovirus in domestic sewage in Nanchang city in 2019

作　　者：肖芳[1] 陆辉 刘晓庆[1] 刘师文[1] 熊英[1] 龚甜[1] Xiao Fang;Lu Hui;Liu Xiaoqing;Liu Shiwen;Xiong Ying;Gong Tian(Institute for Disease Control and Testing,Jiangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang 330029,China;Division of Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission,Nanchang 330029,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省疾病预防控制中心疾病控制检验所,南昌330029 [2]江西省卫生健康委员会疾病预防控制处,南昌330029

出　　处：《国际病毒学杂志》2021年第5期388-391,共4页International Journal of Virology

基　　金：江西省卫生计生委科技计划(20186005)。

摘　　要：目的持续监测2019年生活污水中的脊髓灰质炎病毒(poliovirus,PV),了解脊灰病毒在外环境中的流行变化趋势,为维持无脊灰状态提供实验室环境监测数据支持。方法选择南昌市某区污水处理厂作为长期固定监测点,每月在污水处理厂入水口采集1 L污水作为样本。膜浓缩后在L20B、RD、Hep-2三种细胞上进行病毒分离培养,对阳性分离物进行VP1全长基因的测序分析。结果共分离出脊灰病毒25株,分离率为91.67%(11/12),包括PVⅠ型3株,PVⅢ型22株,PVⅡ型0株。3株PVⅠ型毒株均为疫苗相似株,在全基因组的2749位点处均由腺嘌呤A突变为鸟嘌呤G,导致异亮氨酸突变成甲硫氨酸;2株PVⅢ(JX2019JHH037L、JX2019JHH042R)在2636位点处发生了由鸟嘌呤G突变为腺嘌呤A变异,导致了亲水氨基酸丙氨酸替代了疏水氨基酸苏氨酸。结论在生活污水监测中分离到的脊灰病毒株均为疫苗株和疫苗相似株,未发现脊灰野毒株、脊灰疫苗衍生株及PVⅡ毒株。因此为维持无脊灰状态,需要持续对污水等外环境标本加强监测。Objective To monitor continuously poliovirus(PV)in domestic sewage in 2019,so as to understand the epidemic trend of PV in the environment,and provide supports for maintaining polio-free status by laboratory data on environmental surveillance.Methods The sewage treatment plant in one district of Nanchang city was selected as the long term fixed sentinel site.Every month,one liter of sewage was collected from the entry point of the sewage treatment plant.The L20B、RD、Hep-2 cell lines were used for virus culture after membrane concentration.Positive culture were sequenced for complete VP1 gene.Results Twenty-five PV strains were isolated from 12 samples of domestic sewage and the isolation rate was 91.67%(11/12).There were 3 strains of PVⅠand 22 strains of PVⅢ.All the PVⅠstrains were similar to vaccine strain with c.2749A>G mutation leading to isoleucine(Ile)replaced by methionine(Met).The two PVⅢstrains(JX2019JHH037L and JX2019JHH042R)had c.2636G>A mutation,resulting in threonine,a hydrophobic amino acid being replaced by a polar amino acid,alanine.Conclusions All PV strains isolated from domestic sewage samples were vaccine strains or strains similar to vaccine strain.No wild strain,vaccine-derived strain or PVⅡstrain was found.Enhanced continuous surveillance of sewage and other environmental samples would be necessary to maintain polio-free.

关 键 词：生活污水监测 脊灰病毒 疫苗相似株 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]