微创穿刺抽吸术与开颅手术治疗脑出血的疗效以及对患者生活质量的影响  

Efficacy of minimally invasive puncture and aspiration and craniotomy in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage and its influence on quality of life of patients

作　　者：魏庆生 WEI Qing-sheng(Liaoyang Second People’s Hospital,Liaoyang 111000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽阳市第二人民医院,111000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2021年第32期41-44,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的对比微创穿刺抽吸术与开颅手术治疗脑出血的效果及对患者生活质量的影响。方法40例脑出血患者,以随机、单盲法分为对照组和观察组,每组20例。对照组实施开颅手术治疗,观察组实施微创穿刺抽吸术治疗。对比两组患者手术疗效、预后、安全性。结果观察组患者手术总有效率为95.00%,与对照组的90.00%对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组患者美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分均低于本组治疗前,健康调查简表(SF-36)评分、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分均高于本组治疗前,且观察组患者NIHSS评分(6.30±1.25)分低于对照组的(11.20±2.33)分,SF-36评分(64.88±3.11)分、ADL评分(65.22±4.01)分高于对照组的(50.33±3.65)、(53.33±3.98)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后再出血发生率为20.00%(4/20),高于对照组的0,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.444,P=0.035<0.05);观察组术后颅内感染发生率为5.00%(1/20),低于对照组的30.00%(6/20),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.329,P=0.037<0.05)。结论微创穿刺抽吸术治疗脑出血与开颅手术疗效相当,且更具微创优势,对脑组织损伤小,颅脑感染发生率低,但其术中止血效果欠佳,再出血率高。Objective To compare the effect of minimally invasive aspiration and craniotomy in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage and its influence on quality of life of patients.Methods A total of 40 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 20 cases in each group.The control group was treated with craniotomy,and the observation group was treated with minimally invasive puncture and aspiration.The surgical efficacy,prognosis and safety of the two groups were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of surgery in the observation group was 95.00%,which was not statistically different from 90.00%in the control group(P>0.05).After treatment,the National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)score of the two groups were lower than those of this group before treatment,and the 36-item short-form healthy survey(SF-36)and activities of daily living(ADL)score were higher than those of this group before treatment;the NIHSS score(6.30±1.25)points of the observation group was lower than(11.20±2.33)points of the control group,and the SF-36 score(64.88±3.11)points and ADL score(65.22±4.01)points were higher than(50.33±3.65)and(53.33±3.98)points of the control group;all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative rebleeding in the observation group was 20.00%(4/20),which was higher than 0 in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.444,P=0.035<0.05).The incidence of postoperative intracranial infection in the observation group was 5.00%(1/20),which was lower than 30.00%(6/20)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.329,P=0.037<0.05).Conclusion Minimally invasive puncture and aspiration is equivalent to craniotomy in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage,with the advantages of less damage to brain tissue,lower incidence of craniocerebral infection,but the intraoperative hemostasis effect is poor,and the rebleeding rate is high.

关 键 词：脑出血 开颅手术 微创穿刺抽吸术 效果 生活质量 

分 类 号：R651.12[医药卫生—外科学]