有机肥替代化肥对大蒜产量、品质及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Garlic Yield,Quality and Soil Nutrients

作　　者：王明文 张洋[1] 胥婷婷[1] 许显虹 张荣[1] WANG Ming-wen;ZHANG Yang;XU Ting-ting;XU Xian-hong;ZHANG Rong(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海农林科技》2021年第4期74-79,共6页Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅重大科技专项项目(2019-NK-A11)。

摘　　要：为了确定青海东部地区紫皮大蒜有机肥替代化肥的最佳比例,以“乐都紫皮大蒜”为试验材料,研究有机肥部分替代化肥对大蒜产量、品质、土壤养分的影响,并采用因子分析法对土壤养分进行评价,寻求最佳替代比例。结果表明:(1)与习惯施肥处理(T6)相比,有机肥替代化肥40%(T2)处理效果较好,大蒜产量较习惯施肥提高15.93%,大蒜VC、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量分别较习惯施肥提高35.5mg/kg、2.7%和3.7%,改善了产品品质;(2)因子分析法评价土壤养分得出有机肥替代化肥100%(T5)和有机肥替代化肥40%(T2)较好。综合分析认为,施用N198kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)279kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O93kg/hm^(2),并配施有机肥6600kg/hm^(2),即有机肥替代化肥40%(T2)处理是该地区大蒜种植较为适宜的施肥措施。For determine the best substitution ratio of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer of purple garlic in eastern Qinghai,“Ledu Purple garlic”was used as experimental material to study the effects of partial substitution of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer on garlic yield,quality and soil nutrients,and the factor analysis method was used to evaluate soil nutrients to seek the best substitution ratio.The results showed as follows:(1)Compared with conventional fertilizer treatment(T6),the effect of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer with 40%(T2)was better,the garlic yield increased by 15.93%,the contents of VC soluble sugar and solubler protein of garlic increased by 35.5mg/kg,2.7%and 72.55%,and the product quality was improved.(2)Factor analysis method was used to evaluate the soil nutrients.The results showed that the replacement of 100%(T5)and 40%(T2)of organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer were better.It was concluded that the application of N 198kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)279kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 93kg/hm^(2),combined with organic fertilizer 6600kg/hm^(2),that is,organic fertilizer replacing 40%of chemical fertilizer(T2)was the most suitable fertilization measure for garlic planting in this area.

关 键 词：有机替代 大蒜 产量 品质 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S63-33[农业科学—蔬菜学]