局部麻醉药中添加佐剂在小儿区域阻滞中的应用 及其研究进展  

Application and research advances of adjuncts in local anesthetics for pediatric regional anesthesia

作　　者：陈默曦[1] 许涛[1] Chen Moxi;Xu Tao(Department of Anesthesiology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院麻醉科,200233

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2021年第11期1202-1207,共6页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

摘　　要：区域阻滞对小儿术后早期疼痛有显著改善作用,但小儿术后疼痛常持续数天,单次阻滞往往并不能满足要求。由于小儿生理的特殊性,持续区域阻滞常增加局部麻醉药全身急性毒性反应的风险,因此临床上常在局部麻醉药中添加佐剂作为延长小儿区域阻滞作用时间的方法。文章从局部麻醉药在小儿区域阻滞中的代谢特点、常见佐剂作用机制及特点、不同类型区域阻滞中各种佐剂的应用、佐剂的安全性和不良反应等方面对局部麻醉药中添加佐剂在小儿区域阻滞中应用及其研究进展进行综述。Regional anesthesia can significantly alleviate the early postoperative pain in children.But postoperative pain often lasts for several days,and a single dose block usually is not enough.Due to the children's physiological particularity,continuous regional block probably increases the risk of local anesthetic poisoning.As a result,adjuncts are often added to local anesthetics to prolong the time of regional block in children.This review focuses on the metabolic characteristics of local anesthetics in pediatric regional block,the mechanism and characteristics of common adjuncts,the application of various adjuncts in different types of regional block,safety and adverse reactions of adjuncts.

关 键 词：小儿 区域阻滞 佐剂 

分 类 号：R726.1[医药卫生—儿科]