急尖长苞冷杉4种林型土壤养分特征  

Soil nutrient characteristics of four forest types of Abies georgei var.smithii in southeastern Tibet

作　　者：李江荣[1,2,3] 高郯 郑维列 卢杰[1,2,3] LI Jiangrong;GAO Tan;ZHENG Weilie;LU Jie(Research Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,Tibet,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau,Ministry of Education,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,Tibet,China;National Key Station of Field Scientific Observation&Experiment,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,Tibet,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏农牧学院西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室,西藏林芝860000 [3]西藏农牧学院西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第11期108-119,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：科技部国家野外科学观测研究站(生态系统)运行补助项目“西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究(2015-2020)”;西藏自治区自然科学基金项目“藏东南林线微气候特征及其对天然更新的影响(XZ2018ZR G-16)”。

摘　　要：【目的】分析急尖长苞冷杉林土壤养分分布特征,阐明其养分循环机制,为色季拉山急尖长苞冷杉林的可持续经营管理提供理论依据。【方法】以色季拉山花楸+忍冬-冷杉林、苔癣-冷杉林、杜鹃-冷杉林和方枝柏+冷杉混交林为对象,分别设置3个30 m×30 m标准样地,每个样地随机挖取3个土壤剖面,按0~10、10~20、20~40、40~60、60~100 cm分层采集土壤样品,测定土壤pH值、有机碳、全氮、水解氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾、速效钾含量并计算C、N、P的化学计量比,采用单因素方差、化学计量比及冗余分析等方法,基于全国第二次土壤普查标准,对4种林型的土壤pH值和7种土壤养分元素进行研究。【结果】1)4种林型土壤pH值均小于7.0,为酸性,pH值随土层深度增大而增加,其中,在0~10 cm与60~100 cm土层中差异显著(P<0.05)。2)4种林型土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮随土层深度的增大而减少,除杜鹃-冷杉林外,其它3种林型0~10 cm与60~100 cm土层差异显著(P<0.05),20~100 cm各土层中,土壤有机质含量均表现为:杜鹃-冷杉林>方枝柏+冷杉林>苔藓-冷杉林>花楸+忍冬-冷杉林,土壤全氮、水解氮含量均表现为:方枝柏+冷杉林>苔藓-冷杉林>杜鹃-冷杉林>花楸+忍冬-冷杉林。4种林型土壤全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾含量随土壤深度的增加而呈现不同的垂直分布特征,0~100 cm各土层中,方枝柏+冷杉混交林土壤全磷含量显著高于其它3种林型(P>0.05);花楸+忍冬-冷杉林土壤速效磷含量最高,方枝柏+冷杉混交林土壤速效磷含量最低,且两者差异显著(P<0.05)。0~100 cm各土层中,4种林型间土壤全钾含量差异均不显著;方枝柏+冷杉混交林土壤速效钾含量最高,杜鹃-冷杉林土壤速效钾含量最低,且两者差异显著(P<0.05)。3)各林型土壤生态化学计量比随土壤深度的增加无一致的规律,各林型土壤C∶N、C∶P、N∶P均高于中国陆地土壤平均值,结【Objective】Aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable manager of Abies georgei var.smithii forest in Sejila mountain,we explored distribution characteristics and clarified cycling mechanism of its soil nutrients.【Method】Four forest types,comprising of Rhododendron-A.georgei forest,Sabina saltuaria-A.georgei forest,Bryophyta-A.georgei forest,Sorbus+Lonicera japonica-A.georgei forest were selected.Three permanent plots(30 m×30 m)were randomly established in each forest type.Three random soil profile were digged in each permanent plot.Soil samples(0-100 cm)were collected and divided into five layers(0-10,10-20,20-40,40-60,60-100 cm).Soil pH,organic carbon,total nitrogen,hydrolyzable nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium,available potassium content were measured and calculated the stoichiometric ratio of C,N and P,by adopting one-way anova,the stoichiometric ratio analysis and RDA,and basing on the standards of the second national soil survey,the soil pH and 7 soil nutrient elements of four forest types were studied.【Result】1)The soil pH of four forest types was<7.0,which was acidic and increased with the increase of soil depth.The difference between 0-10 cm and 60-100 cm soil layer was significant(P<0.05).2)Soil organic matter,total nitrogen and hydrolyzable nitrogen decreased with the increase of soil layer.Except for rhododendron-A.georgei forest,the other three forest types were significantly different between 0-10 cm and 60-100 cm soil layer(P<0.05).In the soil layers of 20-100 cm,the soil organic carbon content was as follows:Rhododendron-A.georgei forest>Sabina saltuaria-A.georgei forest>Bryophyta-A.georgei forest>Sorbus+Lonicera japonica-A.georgei forest,soil total nitrogen and hydrolyzable nitrogen content were as follows:Sabina saltuaria-A.georgei forest>Bryophyta-A.georgei forest>Rhododendron-A.georgei forest>Sorbus+Lonicera japonica-A.georgei forest.Soil total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium contents in four fores

关 键 词：急尖长苞冷杉林 不同林型 土壤养分 生态化学计量 冗余分析 藏东南 

分 类 号：S791.14[农业科学—林木遗传育种]