草海国家自然保护区4种森林群落稳定性评价  

Stability evaluation of four forest community types in the Caohai national natural reserve

作　　者：郭其强 罗丝琼 刘志 周浩然 高超 杨瑞[1,2,3] GUO Qiqiang;LUO Siqiong;LIU Zhi;ZHOU Haoran;GAO Chao;YANG Rui(Institute for Forest Resources&Environment of Guizhou,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学贵州省森林资源与环境研究中心,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学贵州省高原山地林木培育重点试验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第11期120-128,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技重大专项课题(20163022-06);贵州省一流学科建设项目(GNYL[2017]007)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究草海国家级自然保护区森林群落类型并评价其稳定性,阐明该区域森林群落特性及生存现状,并为保护区植被恢复与保护提供理论依据。【方法】在研究区选择4种典型森林类型,分别为云南松林、旱冬瓜+滇杨林、华山松+滇杨林和旱冬瓜+云南松+华山松林,通过设置典型样地调查与采样,以反映群落稳定性的种群更新潜力、物种多样性、土壤肥力、林地承载力及外界干扰强度等5项指标的对应因子,运用加权隶属函数值法综合评价各森林类型的群落稳定性。【结果】4种林分中,旱冬瓜+云南松+华山松林的幼苗、幼树数量较为丰富,占乔木树种总株数的85.92%,表现出较强的种群更新能力,且该林分中物种多样性及林地生产力指标均较高,群落总体处于较为稳定的发育阶段。云南松林土壤全氮和全钾含量较高,总体表现为土壤养分含量较为丰富,但种群更新潜力和物种多样性指数均较低。旱冬瓜+滇杨林和华山松+滇杨林中均因土壤养分含量不高和林地生产力较低使得群落稳定性不高。各林分中均存在不同程度的外界不利干扰,其中人为踩踏最为显著。由森林群落类型稳定性的加权隶属函数值判定,草海国家自然保护区4种森林群落稳定性排序表现为:旱冬瓜+云南松+华山松林>云南松林>旱冬瓜+滇杨林>华山松+滇杨林。【结论】在草海国家自然保护区由多树种组成的针阔混交林具有较高的群落稳定性,这可为当地植被恢复与生态建设提供重要参考。【Objective】Research on the forest community types and their stability evaluation is helpful to clarify the forest community characteristics and living conditions in the Caohai national nature reserve,provides theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and protection in this area.【Method】Four typical forest communities were selected as research objects,which are Pinus yunnanensis forest,Alnus nepalensis+Populus yunnanensis forest,P.armandii+P.yunnanensis forest,and A.nepalensis+P.yunnanensis+P.armandii forest.Then,the typical sample survey and sampling were carries out in the four types of forest communities.Meanwhile,the corresponding factors of 5 indicators,including population regeneration potential,species diversity,soil fertility,woodland productivity,and external disturbance intensity,were selected to comprehensively evaluate the stability of the different forest communities by calculating the weighted subordinate function values.【Result】Seedlings and saplings were abundant in A.nepalensis+P.yunnanensis+P.armandii forest,which accounted for 85.92%of the total number of tree species and showed a strong ability of population regeneration among the four forest community types.Meanwhile,the indices of species diversity and productivity had the highest values in this forest community.As a whole,A.nepalensis+P.yunnanensis+P.armandii forest is at a relatively stable stage of development.Total potassium and nitrogen contents were the highest in Pinus yunnanensis forest,which indicated that the soil nutrient content was relatively rich.However,population regeneration potential and species diversity were generally low in in P.yunnanensis forest.The community stability of A.nepalensis+Populus yunnanensis forest and P.armandii+P.yunnanensis forest was generally low due to their poor soil nutrient concentration and low productivity of forest land.In addition,there were different forms and degrees of external interference in the four typical forest communities,among which human trampling was the most signifi

关 键 词：草海国家自然保护区 森林群落类型 种群更新潜力 物种多样性 土壤肥力 稳定性评价 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]