蝴蝶兰杂交后代观赏性状遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Ornamental Traits in Hybrid Progenies of a Reciprocal Crosses in Phalaenopsis

作　　者：孔霞 任羽 孙玲燕 张志群[3] Kong Xia;Ren Yu;Sun Lingyan;Zhang Zhiqun(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education),College of Life Science,China West Normal Universi-ty,Nanchong,637009;China West Normal University Library,Nanchong,637009;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Danzhou,571737;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,570228)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,南充637009 [2]西华师范大学图书馆,南充637009 [3]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,儋州571737 [4]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第21期7168-7178,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：西华师范大学科研启动项目(412903);国家星火计划项目(2015GA800008)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了研究蝴蝶兰观赏性状遗传现象,以2个蝴蝶兰品种P7和P19为亲本,进行正反交,对亲本及其F_(1)代的9个观赏性状进行统计分析。结果表明:杂交后代的冠幅、花梗长、花序长、花朵纵径、唇瓣颜色5个数量性状与其双亲比较,表现出一定程度的衰退现象,其平均值均较中亲值有所下降,分别相当于中亲值的98.00%,82.73%,96.97%,99.69%和92.45%,但都有超亲个体存在;而在分枝数、单枝花朵数、总花朵数、花朵横径、花瓣颜色5个性状的遗传上表现出较强的超亲优势,尤其是在总花朵数和花色上,正反杂交组合的总平均值分别占中亲值的127.87%和113.00%;在花色上,花瓣和唇瓣的颜色正反交后代的颜色呈梯度分布,正反交均出现双亲没有的花色类型;杂交后代的9个数量性状变化幅度较大,有利于针对不同育种目标选择不同的后代个体;在花色遗传上,紫红色花亲本的花色遗传能力更强,这些性状的分离特征和遗传表现将为蝴蝶兰育种亲本的选配和新品种选育提供依据和参考。In order to study the genetic performance of ornamental characters of Phalaenopsis, a pairs of reciprocal cross combinations are designed by using two varieties P7 and P19 as parents, and 9 ornamental characters of the parental and F_(1) generation were analyzed. The results showed that the mean values of the plant width, peduncle length, inflorescence length, flower length and labellum color of the hybrids were declined which their mean were 98.00%, 82.73%, 96.97%, 99.69% and 92.45% of parents respectively, but the over-parent individuals all existed in characters. The branch number of peduncle, flower number of single branch, total flower number of plant, flower width and petal color were better than their parents. Especially in total flower number and flower color which their means were 127.87% and 113.00% of parents, respectively. The color of petal and labellum of hybrid offspring showed a gradient distribution, and the flower color which different from their parents appeared in offspring individuals. The variation range of the 9 traits of the hybrid progeny was larger, which was beneficial to the selection of progeny individuals according to different breeding objectives. In the genetic heritability of parents flower color, the parent of purple flower was stronger than another parent. These characteristics separation and genetic performance will provide reference and basis for parents selection and new varieties breeding in Phalaenopsis.

关 键 词：蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis) F_(1)群体 观赏性状 遗传表现 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]