哲学与认知科学交叉进路下的高阶意识理论研究——从梦境的意识经验谈起  

An Investigation on the Higher-Order Theory of Consciousness in Dreaming from Interdisciplinary Study between Philosophy and Cognitive Science

作　　者：代海强[1,2] Dai Haiqiang

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学价值与文化研究中心,北京100088 [2]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100088

出　　处：《社会科学战线》2021年第11期33-42,281,共11页Social Science Front

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA041)。

摘　　要：梦境是否是有意识的经验,是梦境研究的核心问题。怀疑论哲学家从概念思辨出发,否认梦境的意识经验特性;认知科学家从经验发现出发,承认梦境的意识经验特性。文章在融合概念思辨的启发与经验研究的成果基础上,尝试提出一种新的高阶意识理论,解决梦境的意识难题,以此调和经验路径与概念路径的分歧。文章认为,完整的意识活动包含高阶意识和原初心理活动,一般的梦境是一类独特的"准意识经验",它是特殊的原初心理活动,缺乏高阶意识活动。文章的观点将对梦境研究产生双重影响,一方面为认知科学提供新的理论支撑和可能的研究方向,另一方面为心灵哲学贡献新的解决方案。本文对一般的科学与哲学交叉研究也具有借鉴意义。Is dreaming a conscious experience?This is an essential question in dreaming study.Many Philosophers as skepticism often deny the conscious experience characteristic of dreaming based on conceptual contemplation,while many cognitive scientists acknowledge it based on empirical discovery.Based on the fusion of the two above,this paper attempts to advance a new higherorder theory of consciousness in dreaming to reconcile the differences between them.It argues that a complete conscious act includes both higher-order awareness and primitive mental act,and a general dreaming is a special sort of“quasi-conscious experience”in the sense that it is only a primitive mental act and lacks higher-order awareness.This paper's point hopes to influence dreaming study in two aspects:firstly providing new theoretical support and possible research orientations for cognitive science and secondly contributing new solution to the philosophy of mind,with its findings to be references to general interdisciplinary studies between philosophy and cognitive science.

关 键 词：梦境 意识 哲学 认知科学 交叉学科研究 

分 类 号：B1[哲学宗教—世界哲学] B2