青海省2016—2020年艾滋病疫情分析  

Analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Qinghai,2016—2020

作　　者：李润花 马绍辉 李积平[2] 孙玉兰[2] 马海军 匡嘉影 董世存 LI Run-hua;MA Shao-hui;LI Ji-ping;SUN Yu-lan;MA Hai-jun;KUANG Jia-ying;DONG Shi-cun(Department of Public Health,School of Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]青海大学医学院公共卫生系,青海西宁810001 [2]青海省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病科,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第22期4197-4200,4224,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：青海省重大传染病防控项目艾滋病防控项目[(2020)69]。

摘　　要：目的分析青海省2016—2020年艾滋病疫情流行特征,为制定艾滋病防控策略提供参考依据。方法从艾滋病防治基本信息系统中下载青海省2016—2020年报告的艾滋病病例流行病学资料,用Excel 2010进行数据整理、SPSS17.0进行统计学分析,计数资料用例数和百分比表示,用χ2检验比较组间差异。结果青海省2016—2020年累计报告艾滋病病例共2 283例,男性占81.60%,男女性别比为4.44∶1,平均年龄为(41.52±12.89)岁;15~44岁龄组占59.66%;单身占61.67%;职业以农牧民(36.31%)、家政/家务及待业者(22.73%)居多;文化程度中,初中及以下学历占60.58%,高中或中专学历以上占39.42%;地区主要集中在西宁市、海东市和玉树州;传播途径以性传播为主(占96.80%),异性传播比例逐年上升,传播途径在性别、年龄、婚姻状态、职业、文化程度及地区差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例主要来源于其他就诊者检测(34.43%)和检测咨询(27.64%)。结论今后青海省艾滋病防治应对男性、单身、青壮年和农牧民及家政/务及待业人群在性传播方面重点关注,落实预防艾滋病母婴传播工作,并在九年义务教育中普及艾滋病的健康教育宣传。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the AIDS epidemic in Qinghai Province from 2016 to2020,and to provide a reference basis for the development of AIDS prevention and control strategies.Methods The epidemiological data of reported AIDS cases in Qinghai Province from 2016-2020 were collected from the basic information system of AIDS prevention and control,and the data were collated by Excel 2010 and statistically analyzed by SPSS17.0.The count data were expressed as number of cases and percentage,and the differences between groups were compared by χ2 test.Results A total of 2 283 cumulative AIDS cases were reported in Qinghai Province from 2016 to 2020,with 81.60% males and a male to female sex ratio of 4.44:1,with an average age of(41.52 ±12.89) years;59.66% in the age group of 15-44 years;61.67% were single;the occupations were farmers and herdsmen(36.31%),domestic/household workers and those waiting for work opportunity(22.73%);60.58% had junior high school education or less,and 39.42% had high school or junior college education or more;the areas were mainly in Xining,Haidong and Yushu;sexual transmission was the main mode of transmission(96.80%),and the proportion of heterosexual transmission was increasing year by year.There were statistically significant differences in sex,age,marital status,occupation,education level and region( P<0.05).The cases were mainly from other patients’ testing(34.43%) and testing consultation(27.64%).Conclusion In the future,HIV prevention and treatment in Qinghai Province should focus on sexual transmission among men,singles,young adults and farmers and herdsmen and domestic/working and non-working people,implement prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV,and promote HIV health education and propaganda in nine-year compulsory education.

关 键 词：HIV/AIDS 疫情分析 防控措施 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]