典型污泥高级厌氧消化工艺中恶臭物质的分布特征  

Distribution Characteristics of Odorants in Typical Sludge Advanced Anaerobic Digestion Process

作　　者：东东[1] 赵珊[2,3,4] 郭学彬 席劲瑛 DONG Dong;ZHAO Shan;GUO Xue-bin;XI Jin-ying(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Technology Research and Development Center,Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Drainage Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Sewage Resource Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]北京城市排水集团有限责任公司科技研发中心,北京100124 [3]北京北排科技有限公司,北京100124 [4]北京市污水资源化工程技术研究中心,北京100124

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2021年第21期7-12,共6页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：选取北京某市政污泥高级厌氧消化处理项目(工艺采用污泥浓缩+离心脱水+热水解+厌氧消化+板框压滤脱水)作为研究对象,对其工艺各节点的污泥进行采样,并利用静态顶空法检测污泥挥发出的恶臭物质组分及浓度。结果表明,该工艺中污泥挥发出的典型恶臭物质主要包括硫化氢(H_(2)S)、甲硫醇(CH_(3)SH)、氨(NH_(3))、二甲基硫醚(CH_(3)SCH_(3))、甲苯、乙苯、D-柠檬烯等。原始污泥、热水解后污泥以及厌氧消化后污泥挥发出的恶臭物质浓度较高。原始污泥的主要恶臭因子为H_(2)S[(94.8±43.0)mg/m^(3)]和挥发性有机物[VOCs,(281.1±118.2)mg/m^(3)],热水解后污泥的主要恶臭因子为甲硫醇[(39.8±24.7)mg/m^(3)]和二甲基硫醚[(10.8±2.7)mg/m^(3)],厌氧消化后污泥的主要恶臭因子为VOCs[(336.8±160.9)mg/m^(3)]和NH3[(47.7±21.9)mg/m^(3)]。脱水后污泥(预脱水和板框压滤脱水)中H_(2)S、VOCs和NH_(3)的挥发浓度显著降低,降幅分别为92%、66%、96%,因此需要重点关注脱水过程中的恶臭防治问题。热水解过程会显著增加污泥中H_(2)S、甲硫醇的挥发,热水解后污泥挥发出的恶臭类VOCs组分与其他污泥样品差异较大。厌氧消化会增加污泥中NH_(3)及VOCs的挥发。Sludge samples were collected from each unit of a municipal sludge advanced anaerobic digestion treatment project(sludge thickening,centrifugal dewatering,thermal hydrolysis,anaerobic digestion and plate-frame pressure filtration dewatering)in Beijing,and the components and concentration of the odorants volatilized from the sludge were detected by static headspace method.The typical odorants emitted by the sludge in the treatment process included hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S),methyl mercaptan(CH_(3)SH),ammonia(NH_(3)),dimethyl sulfide(CH_(3)SCH_(3)),toluene,ethylbenzene,D-limonene,etc.The raw sludge,the sludge after thermal hydrolysis and the sludge after anaerobic digestion emitted higher concentration of odorants.The main odorous pollutants of the raw sludge were H_(2)S[(94.8±43.0)mg/m^(3)]and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)[(281.1±118.2)mg/m^(3)],those of the thermal hydrolysis sludge were CH3SH[(39.8±24.7)mg/m^(3)]and CH3SCH3[(10.8±2.7)mg/m^(3)],and those of the anaerobic digested sludge were VOCs[(336.8±160.9)mg/m^(3)]and NH3[(47.7±21.9)mg/m^(3)].After dewatering(pre-dewatering and plate-frame pressure filtration dewatering),the volatile concentrations of H_(2)S,VOCs and NH3 in the sludge decreased significantly by 92%,66%and 96%,respectively.Therefore,it was necessary to pay more attention to the odor prevention and control during the dewatering of sludge.The thermal hydrolysis process significantly increased the volatilization of H_(2)S and CH3SH in the sludge,and the volatilization of the malodorous VOCs from the sludge after thermal hydrolysis was significantly different from other sludge samples.The anaerobic digestion increased the volatilization of NH3 and VOCs in the sludge.

关 键 词：市政污泥 恶臭物质 厌氧消化 热水解 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]