“三论”新视野下的美国后现代派小说  

The New Look of “the Three Theories” at Postmodernist American Fiction

作　　者：杨仁敬[1] YANG Ren-jing(College of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学外文学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期146-154,共9页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

摘　　要：美国后现代派小说出现于20世纪60年代的艰难时期,当时美国遭遇危机,社会混乱,文学面临枯竭,作家们奋起自救。他们借用"热寂说""熵定律"和"混沌论"三种理论,以戏仿、杂糅、拼贴和黑色幽默的手法,构建奇特的混沌社会的图像,描绘了从总统到囚犯的各种"反英雄",揭示少数族裔对身份构建的诉求,展示了孤独、死亡和反抗的存在主义基调。它展现了美国是个混沌无序的世界。因此,它跟20世纪50年代垮掉派诗歌和小说、60年代荒诞戏剧一起,在美国文学史上占有一席之地。Based on text analysis,the paper points out that postmodernist American fiction appeared in the 1960s,a hard time when the great national crises and social chaos fell upon the United States.Literature faced exhaustion and American writers rose to save themselves.They employed the theory of Heat Death,the Law of Entropy and the Chaos Theory to depict the disorderly and chaotic postmodern American society,delineate various kinds of anti-heroes from president to prisoners,and stress the importance of identity construction.Their artistic devices,such as parody,collage and black humor,are grotesque,satirical and exaggerated,revealing the isolation,rebellion and death of existentialism.Thus,it brings to light that America is a world of chaos and disorder.Postmodernist fiction occupies a place in the history of American literature together with the Beat poetry and fiction in the 1950s and the absurd drama in the 1960s.

关 键 词：美国后现代派小说 热寂说 熵定律 混沌论 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]