航行期间潜艇舱室空气微生物浓度检测与分析  

Detection and analysis of the airborne microbial concentrations in submarine cabins during deployment

作　　者：张建平 陈双红 任小孟 周宏元 Zhang Jianping;Chen Shuanghong;Ren Xiaomeng;Zhou Hongyuan(Naval Medical Center,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军特色医学中心,上海200433

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2021年第6期684-687,共4页Journal of Navy Medicine

基　　金：军队后勤重点项目(16A305);海军武器装备预研项目(08K304)。

摘　　要：目的开展潜艇舱室空气微生物浓度调查,分析评估航行期间舱室空气微生物污染水平。方法以航行周期大于7 d的潜艇为研究对象,采用分层抽样的方法对3种类型的潜艇艇A、艇B、艇C舱室生物环境开展质量检测与分析。结果航行期间除艇C医务室外,艇A、艇B、艇C舱室空气微生物浓度均显著高于码头封舱时空气微生物浓度(P<0.05)。艇B采样点空气微生物浓度均值显著高于GB/T 18883-2002规定的空气微生物浓度限值2500 cfu/m^(3)(P<0.05);艇A及艇C舱室采样点空气微生物浓度均值与空气微生物浓度限值2500 cfu/m^(3)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但部分采样点最大值超过2500 cfu/m^(3)。结论潜艇密闭航行周期长、舱室新风效率低、人员载量大,可明显增加舱室空气微生物污染。潜艇执行7 d以上周期作训任务时,可开展舱室生物环境清洁及控制,以降低潜在的生物源性过敏及感染性疾病发生风险。Objective To make a survey on the concentrations of airborne microbes in the submarine cabins,and then to an⁃alyze the levels of airborne microbial contamination in the submarine cabins during deployment.Methods The submariners with a sea deployment cycle of more than seven days were selected as study subjects.Detection and analysis of the quality of biological environment in the cabins of three types of submarines(submarine A,B and C)were made by using hierarchy sampling method.Results During deployment,the microbial aerosol concentrations in the cabins were all significantly higher than the levels in the closed submarine cab⁃ins at pier side,only with the exception of the medical cabin of submarine C(P<0.05).The average microbial aerosol concentration at the sampling point of submarine B was significantly higher than the restricted limit(2500 cfu/m^(3))specified in GB/T 18883⁃2002(P<0.05).Statistical significance was not noted in the average levels of microbial aerosol concentration at the sampling points of sub⁃marine A and C when compared with the restricted limit of 2500 cfu/m^(3)(P>0.05).However,in some sampling points,the maximum levels of microbial aerosol concentration exceeded the restricted limit.Conclusion The submarine has the features of prolonged deploy⁃ment cycle,low efficiency of air ventilation and a large crew of personnel,which can significantly worsen airborne microbial contamina⁃tion of cabins onboard the submarine.When the submarine was set for an operational deployment cycle of over 7 days,cabin environ⁃mental cleaning and control should be performed,so as to reduce the risks of potential biogenic allergies and infectious diseases.

关 键 词：潜艇舱室 空气微生物 检测 分析 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]