零售药店从业人员和家长对儿童OTC药品知识了解情况的调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of the Understanding of Pharmacy Practitioners in Retail Pharmacies and Parents of Children’s OTC Drug Knowledge

作　　者：李迎春 鲁卓林[1] 高艳[1] 孙燕燕[1] LI Yingchun;LU Zhuolin;GAO Yan;SUN Yanyan(Dept.of Pharmacy,Tianjin Children’s Hospital/Tianjin University Children’s Hospital,Tianjin 300134,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市儿童医院/天津大学儿童医院药剂科,天津300134

出　　处：《中国药房》2021年第23期2917-2923,共7页China Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:规范我国儿童非处方(OTC)药品使用,控制儿童自我药疗风险,确保儿童用药安全。方法:采取问卷调查的方式,随机向13个省、直辖市的零售药店从业人员和16个省、直辖市的家长发放问卷,对问卷调查结果进行描述性分析,并针对零售药店从业人员和家长在儿童OTC药品使用过程中存在的问题提出相应建议。结果:药店端问卷填写人数5367人,有效填写人数5353人,有效填写率为99.74%;消费者端(家长)问卷填写人数6111人,有效填写人数5094人,有效填写率为83.36%。调查结果显示,93.67%的零售药店配备了1~2名执业药师;药店从业人员的学历以大专居多(46.59%),专业知识相对薄弱,非常了解药学专业知识的仅占30.00%;药店从业人员可以提供基础的药学服务,但对儿童年龄、体质量等信息不敏感,仅44.11%的从业人员会根据患儿年龄、体质量核准给药剂量;98.09%的药店会定期进行OTC药品知识培训,但对儿童相关用药知识缺乏重视;仅五成左右的药店从业人员对儿童OTC药品的适应证、用法用量及注意事项非常清楚。约70%的家长不完全了解处方药、绿色标OTC药品与红色标OTC药品的区别,不清楚居家OTC药品的治疗风险;63.06%的家长根据经验选购OTC药品,23.05%的家长依赖药品广告选购OTC药品;92.64%的家长会在使用OTC药品前仔细阅读药品说明书,但对药品说明书很多内容存在理解盲点。在OTC药品使用过程中,46.21%的家长曾给孩子服用成人OTC药品,且41.54%的家长不会进行儿童用量的换算;52.89%的家长表示给孩子服用OTC药品后出现过不良反应。结论:药店从业人员整体学历较低,专业水平亟待提高,对儿童OTC药品的了解不够全面,缺乏儿童用药知识相关培训;家长对儿童OTC药品认知度较低,在儿童OTC药品使用过程中存在用量不准确、用药成人化等诸多问题。笔者建议应提高药店从业人员准入标准,增加执�OBJECTIVE:To standardize the use of children’s over-the-counter(OTC)drugs in China,control the risk of children’s self medication and ensure the safety of children’s medication.METHODS:The questionnaire was randomly distributed to pharmacy practitioners in retail pharmacies in 13/parents in 16 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government.The results of questionnaire survey were analyzed descriptively.The corresponding suggestions were put forward for the problems existing in the use of OTC drugs for children among pharmacy practitioners in retail pharmacies and parents.RESULTS:Totally 5367 people filled the questionnaire at pharmacies,and 5353 questionnaires were filled validly with effective rate of 99.74%;the number of consumers(parents)who filled the questionnaires was 6111,and 5094 questionnaires were filled validly with effective rate of 83.36%.The results of survey showed that 93.67%of retail pharmacies were equipped with 1-2 licensed pharmacists;most of the employees in pharmacies had college degree(46.59%),and their professional knowledge was relatively weak,and only 30.00%of them were very familiar with pharmaceutical professional knowledge.Pharmacy practitioners could provide basic pharmaceutical care,but they were not sensitive to the information of children’s age and weight;only 44.11%of the practitioners would approve the dosage according to the age and weight of the children;98.09%of pharmacies would regularly conduct OTC drugs knowledge training,but they did not pay attention to the knowledge of children related to drug use.About half of the pharmacy practitioners were very clear about the indications,usage and dosage,precautions of OTC drugs for children.About 70%of parents did not fully understand the difference between prescription drugs,green OTC drugs and red OTC drugs,and did not know the risk of home OTC treatment;63.06%of parents chose OTC drugs according to their previous experience,and 23.05%of parents relied on drug advertisements to choose OTC drugs;92.64%o

关 键 词：零售药店从业人员 家长 儿童 非处方药 安全用药 

分 类 号：R952[医药卫生—药学] R179