农村空心化、代际断裂与农地制度创新——基于S县G镇农地制度创新实践的考察  

Rural Hollowing,Intergenerational Rupture and the Innovation of Agricultural Land System:The Investigation on the Practice of Agricultural Land System Innovation in G Town of S County

作　　者：张伟 ZHANG Wei(School of Public Administration,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学公共管理学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期133-140,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Social Science)

基　　金：湖南省社会科学基金项目“乡村振兴战略背景下集聚提升类村庄的土地制度创新研究”(19YBA331)。

摘　　要：农村空心化伴随着青壮年劳动力大量外流,农业经营的代际传承成为当前乡村产业兴旺面临的重要问题。农地三权分置实现了承包权和经营权的分离,通过规模经营和新型农业经营主体培育的方式化解代际断裂困境。但在具体实践中仍面临土地碎片化、流转成本高昂等困境,进而掣肘农地三权分置改革作用发挥,亟须进行农地制度创新。基于S县G镇实地调研发现“意见筛选机制”“用途划片机制”和“委托代理机制”有机组合极大盘活了农地资源,形成集中连片的适度规模经营,为农村产业兴旺奠定了基础。提出尊重主体差异性、建设集中型农地流转市场以及组建农地流转中介机构等实践路径。With the rural hollowing out accompanied by a large outflow of young and middle-aged laborers,and the intergenerational inheritance of agricultural management has become an important issue facing the prosperity of rural industries.The separation of the three agricultural land rights has realized the separation of contract right and management right,and solved the intergenerational rupture dilemma by means of scale management and cultivation of new agricultural management subjects.However,in practice,it still faces difficulties such as land fragmentation and high transfer cost,which further hamper the role of the reform of the separation of the three rights of farmland.Therefore,it is urgent to innovate the agricultural land system.Based on the practical investigation of farmland system innovation in G Town,S County,it is found that G Town has effectively revitalized agricultural land resources through“opinion screening mechanism”“use zoning mechanism”and“principal-agent mechanism”,forming a centralized and contiguous moderate scale management,which laid a foundation for the prosperity of rural industry.Thus,we put forward some practical approaches,such as respecting the differences of subjects,building a centralized agricultural land transfer market and establishing agricultural land transfer intermediary agencies.

关 键 词：农村空心化 代际断裂 三权分置 农地制度创新 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]