组学技术在产胶植物中的研究进展  

Omics Technologies in Rubber Producing Plants: Research Progress

作　　者：张海峰 刘赫 郭传祺 马春泉 Zhang Haifeng;Liu He;Guo Chuanqi;Ma Chunquan(Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology,Ministry of Education,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150500;Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology,College of Heilongjiang Province/School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心,哈尔滨150500 [2]黑龙江大学生命科学学院/黑龙江省普通高校分子生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第31期15-21,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31401441);黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(C2015026);黑龙江大学横向课题(2019230101001544)。

摘　　要：天然橡胶在民生和国防中具有重要作用,其合成途径中关键基因和蛋白质的功能正逐渐被挖掘。组学研究技术包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学等,由于组学技术的系统性,可以更全面、更深入地研究产胶植物产胶途径和应对胁迫的信号通路,为天然橡胶的生物合成机制提供更为可靠的理论依据和数据支撑。本研究系统总结了巴西橡胶树、橡胶草、杜仲等产胶植物的基因组学研究进展,并对其产胶途径和逆境胁迫下的转录组学和蛋白质组学的研究进行了全面总结,提出了基于组学技术联合解析产胶合成途径调控网络,培育优质、抗逆、高产的产胶植物的研究方向,以期为产胶植物及其产胶途径的深入研究提供参考。Natural rubber plays an important role in people’s livelihood and national defense, and the functions of key genes and proteins in its synthesis pathway are being explored gradually. Omics research technologies include genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, etc. Due to the systematic advantages of omics technologies, they could be applied for rubber producing plants to study the rubber production pathway and stress responsive signal pathway in a more comprehensive and in-depth way, so as to provide a more reliable theoretical basis and data support for the biosynthesis mechanism of natural rubber. In this paper, the genomics research progress of rubber producing plants, such as Hevea brasiliensis, Taraxacum kok-saghy, and Eucommia ulmoides, were systematically summarized, and the corresponding research progress of transcriptomics and proteomics related to rubber production pathway and stress treatment were comprehensively summarized. The regulation network of rubber synthesis pathway and research direction of cultivating rubber producing plants with high-quality, stress resistance and high-yield were proposed based on omics technologies, which could provide reference for further research on rubber producing plants and their rubber producing pathways.

关 键 词：天然橡胶 组学技术 多组学 产胶植物 产胶途径 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学]