藏语ABA′B式状貌词与表现形态理论  

Tibetan ABA’B ideophones and the Expressive Morphology Theory

作　　者：江荻 JIANG Di

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学汉语和汉藏语研究中心 [2]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所

出　　处：《中国语文》2021年第6期713-723,767,共12页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国境内语言基本核心词汇声学数据库及计算研究”(19ZDA300)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章以藏语ABA′B式状貌词为对象,讨论了状貌词的词形结构、语音形式、贬义语义倾向和残留的自由句法功能,由此引出表现形态理论概念。表现形态是与普通形态(传统语法体系)在系统层级上对立或不同的概念,但其词汇相对普通词汇是非全局性的子系统。尽管状貌词的句法功能和句法位置自由度较高,在普通形态整合化作用下却呈现被驯服化的特征。文章还讨论了状貌词源自造词的本质、描摹性的价值,并以统计数确证了ABA′B式状貌词的所谓词根,在结语中揭示了表现形态的深层次主观认知性质。This article focuses on the ABA’B ideophones in Tibetan and discusses their lexical structure,phonological formation,negative orientation and various syntactic functions within the framework of Expressive Morphology(a theoretical concept systematically differing from,or even opposite to,the plain morphology in canonical grammatical system).Although Tibetan ABA’B ideophones can appear in various syntactic positions and present different syntactic functions,they are by no means immune from the plain morphology.In addition,the paper also discusses the nature and origin of ideophones,the value of their depicting function,and verifies the so-called roots of Tibetan ABA’B ideophones based on statistical approaches.The profound subjective cognitive nature of Expressive Morphology is also revealed in the concluding remarks.

关 键 词：藏语 ABA′B式状貌词 像似性图景 表现形态 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]