韩国北极航道开发:决策动机、推进路径与制约因素  

ROK’s Arctic Waterway Development:Decision Motivation,Propulsion Path and Enlightenment

作　　者：谢晓光[1,2] 杜晓杰 Xie Xiaoguang;Du Xiaojie(School of International Economic and International Relations,Liaoning University;Center for Comparative Economic System Research,Liaoning University)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学国际经济政治学院 [2]辽宁大学转型国家经济政治研究中心

出　　处：《当代韩国》2021年第3期56-73,共18页Contemporary Korea

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“国际货币权力转移与金融科技发展复合视角下的国际金融公共产品供给变革研究”(18CGJ002);辽宁省教育厅2021年度科学研究面上项目“百年大变局下的中国海洋秩序观演变及政策研究”(LJKR0066)的研究成果。

摘　　要：韩国作为第一个颁布国家北极战略的亚洲国家,出于获得最大经济收益、推进能源进口渠道多元化以及推动国家北极综合政策的实现等因素的考量一直高度重视北极航道。为推动北极航道的开发利用,韩国国内形成了政府、企业、学术界等共同参与,以本国船舶制造优势为突破口,以港口建设和"勒拿河走廊"开发为重点,不断推进本国破冰船制造进程的多主体、多层次的北极航道开发模式。同时,在国际上,韩国积极融入并参与北极航道相关的国际法律规范构建,并就北极航道开发利用问题不断强化与相关国家的双边和多边合作,为韩国加强对北极航道的利用提供便利。但是,由于参与身份、船舶、技术等条件的限制,韩国开发利用北极航道始终受到北极地区复杂恶劣的自然条件、北极国家的戒备与排斥以及大国关系波动等因素的制约。围绕北极航道开发利用问题,中韩两国既是合作伙伴,也是竞争对手,应相互借鉴有益经验,在可能范围内加强交流与合作。As the first Asian country to promulgate a national Arctic strategy,ROK has always attached great importance to the Arctic waterway in consideration of factors such as maximizing economic benefits,advancing the diversification of energy import channels,and promoting the realization of the national Arctic comprehensive policy.In order to promote the development and utilization of the Arctic channel,ROK has formed a multi-agent and multi-level Arctic channel development mode,which takes its own advantages as the spear,the government,enterprises,academia and so on participate together,and focuses on the construction of the Arctic channel hub port and the development of the Lena River Corridor,and continuously promotes the manufacturing process of its icebreaker.At the same time,in the international arena,ROK actively participates in the construction of international laws and regulations related to the Arctic waterway,and continuously strengthens bilateral and multilateral cooperation with relevant countries on the development and utilization of the Arctic waterway.However,due to the limitation of ship,technology and demand,the development and utilization of the Arctic channel in ROK is still in the initial exploration stage.Focusing on the development and utilization of the Arctic waterway,China and ROK have similar interest demands and policy practices.China can learn from ROK’s multi-actor participation in the construction of the Arctic waterway and the development of the Lena River Corridor,and strengthen exchanges and cooperation within the possible scope.

关 键 词：韩国 北极航道 中韩合作 

分 类 号：D822.331.26[政治法律—政治学] F551[政治法律—外交学]