从邻里单位到居住小区的知识转移分析  

REVISITING NEIGHBORHOOD UNIT AND RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITY:A KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PERSPECTIVE

作　　者：李东泉[1,2] 郑国[1] 罗翔 LI Dongquan;ZHENG Guo;LUO Xiang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学公共管理学院城市规划与管理系 [2]中国人民大学公共治理与和谐城市研究中心 [3]复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院 [4]上海市浦东新区规划设计研究院

出　　处：《城市规划》2021年第11期36-42,共7页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71774163)。

摘　　要：中国城市规划体系的形成与发展是向西方学习并与现实情景相结合的知识转移与创造过程,邻里单位与居住小区是典型代表。本文在知识管理理论指导下,构建了包含主体、内容和情境要素的分析框架。邻里单位追求社会公平、促进社会融合的隐性价值观和实用主义精神,符合中华人民共和国成立初期的社会主义价值观和城市建设指导思想,是知识传递得以实现的情境因素;接受西方教育的中国城市规划专业人士作为知识转移主体,结合当时城市建设方式和国家发展需要的现实情景,将邻里单位的主要显性知识应用到居住小区实践中,使之成为中国城市规划实践体系中的主要内容。加强对西方规划体系隐性知识的认识及其与中国情境的结合,将有助于今后城市规划知识体系的转型发展。The formation and development of China’s urban planning system is a knowledge transfer and creation process that learns from the West and combines with realistic scenarios,with neighborhood units and residential communities as typical representatives.Under the guidance of knowledge management theory,an analytical framework containing subject,content and contextual elements is constructed.The tacit values such as pursuing social justice,social cohesion,and pragmatism in"neighborhood unit"model coincided with the socialist values and guiding ideology of urban construction in the early period of the founding of New China,becoming the contextual factors for knowledge transfer to be realized.Chinese urban planning professionals with a Western educational background,as the main subjects of knowledge transfer,combined the realistic scenarios of urban construction methods and national development needs at that time and applied the main explicit knowledge to the practice of residential communities,making it the main element in the Chinese urban planning practice system.The re-understanding of tacit knowledge of the Western planning system and its integration with the Chinese context may shed new light on how to proceed in the new era.

关 键 词：邻里单位 居住小区 知识转移 隐性知识 情境 情景 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]