海上溢油处理用超疏水-超亲油三维弹性多孔材料研究进展  

Research progress of superhydrophobic-superoleophilic 3D elastic porous materials applied to the marine oil spill treatment

作　　者：杨飞[1] 王邦文 李传宪[1] 李卫宇 YANG Fei;WANG Bangwen;LI Chuanxian;LI Weiyu(College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China);CCCC Third Harbor Consultants Co.Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院 [2]中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司

出　　处：《油气储运》2021年第11期1210-1219,共10页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“表面可控接枝聚合物降凝剂分子的复合PSQ微球对蜡油体系析蜡特性与流变行为的调控机理研究”,51774311。

摘　　要：海上溢油事故不仅会造成能源浪费,也会给生态环境带来难以恢复的破坏。超疏水-超亲油三维弹性多孔材料因具有低密度、高孔隙率、高弹性、高吸油量、材料/油品回收方便等优势,已成为海上溢油处理中最为有效的吸油材料。基于超疏水-超亲油表面的理论基础与构建原理,针对聚合物基、碳基、生物基3类超疏水-超亲油三维弹性多孔材料,分别从典型材料、制备方法、应用性能等角度对其最新研究进展进行综述;剖析了3类超疏水-超亲油弹性多孔材料在制备与应用过程中的优缺点及面临的挑战,并对未来发展进行了展望。The marine oil spill accidents will not only result in the waste of energy,but also the unrecoverable destruction of the ecological environment.The superhydrophobic-superoleophilic 3D elastic porous materials are the most efficient oil adsorbents for the marine oil spill treatment,due to its low density,high porosity,strong elasticity,large oil adsorbing capacity and the convenient recovery of the materials and oil.Herein,based on the theoretical basis and the construction principles of the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic surface,the latest research progress was reviewed for three types of the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic 3D elastic porous materials respectively,i.e.the polymer-based,the carbon-based and the organism-based materials,in terms of the specific materials,the preparation method,and the application performance.Finally,the merits,defects and the faced challenges of the three types of the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic 3D elastic porous materials during their preparation and application were summarized,and the prospect was made for the development in future.

关 键 词：海上溢油 溢油处理 超疏水 超亲油 三维弹性多孔材料 

分 类 号：TE99[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]