术后时间不同的肾移植受者生活质量影响因素分析  

Analysis of factors influencing the quality of life in patients with kidney transplantation in different period

作　　者：袁丽[1,2] 张鹏年 储霞飞 储爱琴 YUAN Li;ZHANG Pengnian;CHU Xiafei;CHU Aiqin(Department of Nursing,The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Anhui Provincial Hospital),Hefei,Anhui 230001,China;The Third General Ward,The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Anhui Provincial Hospital),Hefei,Anhui 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)护理部,安徽合肥230001 [2]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)普外三病区,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《安徽医药》2021年第12期2398-2403,共6页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设项目(国卫办医函〔2018〕292号)。

摘　　要：目的分析术后时间不同的肾移植受者生活质量的水平及其影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、生活质量评价简明量表、疾病进展恐惧简化量表、医学应对方式问卷、肾移植自我管理量表、感恩问卷、领悟社会支持量表、侵扰性思想量表、心理困扰、医院焦虑抑郁量表对2019年7—11月在安徽省立医院肾移植门诊随访的345例肾移植受者进行问卷调查,并按照术后时间(<1年,1~3年,>3~5年,>5年)分组,比较生活质量及影响因素差异。结果共收回有效问卷323份。生活质量生理总分为(49.83±7.72)分,心理总分为(49.54±9.43)分。不同术后时间(<1年,1~3年,>3~5年,>5年)的生理总分和心理总分呈现动态变化[生理总分:(50.16±7.39)分比(49.65±7.62)分比(53.11±6.88)分比(44.25±8.39)分;心理总分:(50.20±9.03)分比(49.11±10.10)分比(51.90±8.99)分比(43.95±8.27)分,均P<0.05]。年龄、月收入、是否发生感染、疾病进展恐惧感是肾移植受者生活质量生理总分影响因素(P<0.05),性别、是否再入院、感恩、心理困扰、应对方式、社会支持、焦虑、抑郁等是不同术后时间肾移植受者生活质量心理总分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论肾移植受者的生活质量水平随着术后时间的推移呈现动态变化,且在不同术后时间段生活质量的影响因素亦不同,包括年龄、月收入、性别、是否再入院等。Objective To investigate quality of life and influencing factors of patients in different period after kidney transplantation(KT).Methods Three hundred and forty-five KT patients who were followed up in the kidney transplant clinic,The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC from July to November in 2019 were conducted questionnaire survey by the general information questionnaire,quali-ty of life scale,the fear of progression questionnaire,medical coping modes questionnaire,self-management scale-KT,gratitude ques-tionnaire,perceived social support scale,the impact of events scale-revised,distress thermometer,hospital anxiety depression scale.According to different period after KT(<1 year,1-3 years,>3-5 years,>5 years),the different in quality of life and influencing factors were compared.Results A total of 323 valid questionnaires were collected.The physical component summary of quality of life was(49.83±7.72),and the mental momponent summary of quality of life was(49.54±9.43).The physical component summary and mental momponent summary in different postoperative time(<1 year,1-3 years,>3-5 years,>5 years)showed dynamic changes[physical com-ponent summary:(50.16±7.39)vs.(49.65±7.62)vs.(53.11±6.88)vs.(44.25±8.39);mental momponent summary:(50.20±9.03)vs.(49.11±10.10)vs.(51.90±8.99)vs.(43.95±8.27),all P<0.05].Age,monthly income,infection,and fear of progression were the factors of the physical component summary of quality of life in patients with KT(P<0.05).Gender,readmission,gratitude,psychological distress,coping style,social support,anxiety,depression,etc.were the factors of mental momponent summary of quality of life in patients with KT in different postoperative time(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life of patients with KT changes dynamically with the passage of time after surgery,and and the influencing factors of the quality of life at different postoperative time periods are also different includ-ing age,monthly income,gender,readmission,etc..

关 键 词：肾移植 手术后期间 时间因素 生活质量 影响因素 肾移植术后不同时期 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]