数据要素市场化配置研究:内涵解构、运行机理与实践路径  

Research on Market-oriented Allocation of Data Elements:Connotation Deconstruction,Operation Mechanism and Practice Path

作　　者：孔艳芳[1] 刘建旭 赵忠秀 Kong Yan-fang;Liu Jian-xu;Zhao Zhong-xiu

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学经济学院、山东省中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心山东财经大学基地 [2]山东财经大学经济学院 [3]山东财经大学

出　　处：《经济学家》2021年第11期24-32,共9页Economist

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划数字山东研究专项“数据要素市场配置体制机制研究”(20CSDJ30);山东省社会科学规划青年项目“山东省数字经济发展评价体系的构建与应用研究”(21DTJJO1)。

摘　　要：数据要素作为数字经济时代信息流的新载体,已深度渗透至生产各领域,被誉为"未来的新石油"。数据要素市场化配置是充分挖掘数据"新"要素潜能的内在要求与必然选择。总的来看,这一进程是"生产要素化"与"配置市场化"双重内涵的叠加;关键在于赋予数据以"商品"属性,发挥市场配置的决定性作用,推动利益主体内部的封闭式流通向不同利益主体间开放式流通的转型过渡。以可交易数据范围的合理界定为前提,竞争、供求和价格等因素相互作用,共同构成了数据要素市场化配置的内生驱动;而数据双边网络效应、成本结构及效用敏感性等特征,使市场机制的运行呈现出鲜明的特色。中国数据要素"新"市场体系的构建,要在尊重市场规律的基础上,着力于产权界定不清晰、市场秩序不完善、监管体系缺位等症结,构建起"内生演化+外部培育"双轮驱动的运行范式,以推动数据要素市场化配置体制机制的创新与完善。As a new carrier of information flow in the digital economy era,data elements have deeply penetrated into all fields of production and are known as the "new oil of the future".The market-oriented configuration of data elements is the inherent requirement and inevitable choice for fully tapping the potential of the "new" elements of data.In general,this process is a superposition of the dual connotations of "production factorization" and "allocation marketization";the key is to give data "commodity" attributes,play the decisive role of market allocation,and promote the transition from closed circulation within stakeholders to open circulation among different stakeholders.Based on the reasonable definition of the scope of tradable data,the interaction of factors such as competition,supply and demand,and price together constitutes the endogenous drive for the marketoriented allocation of data elements;and the characteristics of data bilateral network effects,cost structure and utility sensitivity make the operation of the market mechanism present distinctive features.The construction of the "new" market system for China’s data elements should be based on respect for market laws,focus on the unclear definition of property rights,imperfect market order,and lack of regulatory systems,establish a two-wheel-driven operating paradigm of "endogenous evolution+external cultivation" to promote the innovation and improvement of the market-oriented allocation system and mechanism of data elements.

关 键 词：数据要素 配置市场化 运行机理 政府培育 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]