媒介依赖的遮掩效应:用户与社交机器人的准社会交往程度越高越感到孤独吗?  

The Suppressing Effect of Media Dependency:Does the More Parasocial Interaction between Users and Social bots They Have,the More Lonely They Feel?

作　　者：韩秀 张洪忠 何康 马思源 HAN Xiu;ZHANG Hongzhong;HE Kang;MA Siyuan(School of Culture and Communication, China Women’s University;School of Journalism and Communication, Beijing Normal University;Michigan State University)

机构地区：[1]中华女子学院文化传播学院 [2]北京师范大学新闻传播学院 [3]美国密歇根州立大学

出　　处：《国际新闻界》2021年第9期25-48,共24页Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication

基　　金：中华女子学院校级科研重点课题“性别视角下智媒用户的媒介依赖影响机制研究”资助,项目编号KY2021-0210。

摘　　要：社交机器人越来越多出现在社交网络中,用户与社交机器人的交往日益频繁,这种准社会交往行为会让人变得更孤独吗?本文研究准社会交往、媒介依赖如何对孤独感产生影响。采集并分析微软小冰用户数据(N=2886)的结果显示:媒介依赖在准社会交往和孤独感之间有显著的遮掩效应。在准社会交往的认知、情感、行为三个维度上,社交机器人用户的准社会交往程度对孤独感的直接效应均是负向影响,但通过媒介依赖路径后的效应是显著正向影响,正向影响远大于负向影响,遮掩效应显著,即用户与社交机器人的准社会交往程度越高,越会对社交机器人产生媒介依赖,而这种媒介依赖会加深用户的孤独感。研究者认为,尽管准社会交往普遍存在于人的媒介使用中,但它可能并不是"原子化的个体"减少孤独感的有效解决办法。More and more social bots appear in social networks,and users’ parasocial interactions with social bots become more frequent.Does this interaction make people feel more lonely? This paper studies how parasocial interactions and media dependency affect loneliness.Researchers collected and analyzed data of Microsoft Xiaoice users(N = 2886).The results have shown that media dependency has a significant suppressing effect between parasocial interaction and loneliness.Parasocial interaction contains three dimensions:cognition,emotion,and behavior.The direct effect of users’ parasocial interaction with social bots on loneliness is all negative across the three dimensions.However,the effect through the media dependency path showes that the parasocial interaction has a significant positive impact on loneliness.The positive effect is much greater than the direct negative effect,which indicates the suppressing effect is significant.The parasocial interaction between users and social bots has significantly enhanced users’ loneliness through the suppressing effect of media dependency.The research indicates that even though parasocial interactions have widely existed in people’s media usage,it may not be a panacea of reducing loneliness for atomized individuals.

关 键 词：社交机器人 准社会交往 微软小冰 孤独感 媒介依赖 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]