川滇高山栎光合特性对不同海拔梯度的响应  

Responses of Photosynthetic Characteristics to Different Altitudes of Quercus aquifolioides

作　　者：宁朋 王菲 程小毛[1] 黄晓霞[1] Ning Peng;Wang Fei;Cheng Xiaomao;Huang Xiaoxia(College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture,Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration in Southwest China,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650233,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,国家林业与草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650233

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2021年第6期47-53,共7页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31100292)资助。

摘　　要：以滇西北玉龙雪山川滇高山栎为研究对象,分析其叶片光合特性及营养元素累积对不同海拔高度的适应性变化规律。结果表明:川滇高山栎的叶面积和比叶面积均随海拔的升高呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,在海拔3050 m处达到最大值;叶长/宽比在海拔2750 m和3050 m处显著低于其他海拔;最大净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度随海拔的升高表现出先上升后下降的变化规律,其中最大净光合速率和蒸腾速率在海拔3050 m处达到最大值;单位叶面积碳、氮元素含量随海拔的升高先下降后上升,而磷元素含量随海拔的升高先上升后下降,且转折点均在海拔3050 m处。长期氮利用效率和光合氮利用效率均在海拔3050 m处达到最大值;叶的碳同位素组分随着海拔的升高呈现先降低后增加的趋势,在3050 m海拔点处于最低水平,而在3500 m海拔点最高。因此,海拔3050 m处是川滇高山栎的最适生长区域,光合效率最高,生长较快;而高海拔环境抑制了川滇高山栎的生长发育和光合碳同化,但却提高了其对水分的利用效率。The leaf photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation of Quercus aquifolioides were studied at different altitudes.The results are as follow:the average leaf areaand specific leaf area of Q.aquifolioides presented the change trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of altitude,reaching the maximum value at 3050 m;the length-width ratio of leaves was significantly lower than other elevations at 2750 m and 3050 m.The instantaneous maximum net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,and intercellular CO_(2) concentration,showed a change pattern of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of altitude.The contents of C and N per area decreased first and then increased with the increase of altitude,while the content of P per area first increased and then decreased with elevation,and the turning point was all at 3050 m.The photosynthetic nitrogen utilization efficiency and long-term nitrogen utilization efficiency reached their maximum value at 3050 m.Theδ^(13)C value decreases first and then increases with the increase of altitude,reaching the lowest level at 3050 m and the highest level at 3500 m respectively.In conclusion,it was concluded that the alti-tude of 3050 m is the most suitable growth area for Q.aquifolioides with the highest photosynthetic efficiency and faster growth.The environment with high altitude inhibited the growth and photosynthetic carbon assimila-tion while improved the water utilization efficiency of Q.aquifolioides.

关 键 词：海拔梯度 川滇高山栎 光合特性 营养元素 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]