基于双轴TMR电磁传感器的裂纹检测方法研究  

Research on crack detection method based on double axis TMR electromagnetic sensor

作　　者：闫梁 万本例[2] 胡斌[2] 范孟豹[1] Yan Liang;Wan Benli;Hu Bin;Fan Mengbao(School of Mechatronic Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;China Special Equipment Inspection&Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,徐州221116 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2021年第9期106-114,共9页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家重点研发计划NQI重点专项项目(2017YFF0209700);国家自然科学基金(51671216);中国特种设备检测研究院青年基金(2018青年09);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目资助。

摘　　要：针对单一激励交流电磁探头检测任意方向裂纹容易出现漏检问题,设计了用于检测奥氏体不锈钢表面斜裂纹的新型双激励传感器,建立了奥氏体不锈钢表面裂纹交流电磁场检测仿真模型,开发了基于新型双激励传感器和高分辨率隧道效应磁阻传感器的金属平板表面裂纹检测系统。基于理论模型和试验系统研究了试件上裂纹走向和裂纹宽度对传感器拾取到磁场分量幅值的影响规律,研究了裂纹检测与方向判定方法。仿真和实验结果表明,利用磁场分量B_(x)、B_(y)畸变特征能够以相同的灵敏度检测出试件表面尺寸为15 mm×0.2 mm、深度大于3 mm的微小裂纹,并实现裂纹方向判定。引入宽度补偿参数后减小了横向、纵向裂纹判定误差,判定误差最大为3.9°。Aiming at the problem that when a single excitation AC electromagnetic probe is used to detect cracks in arbitrary direction,missing detection happens easily,a novel dual excitation sensor for detecting the oblique cracks on the surface of Austenitic stainless steels is designed.A simulation model for the detection of surface cracks of Austenitic stainless steel with alternating current field measurement is established.A metal plate surface crack detection system based on a novel double-excitation sensor and high-resolution TMR sensors was developed.Based on the theoretical model and experiment system,the influence rule of crack orientation and crack width on the magnetic field component amplitude picked up by the sensor are studied.Simulation and experiment results show that using the distortion characteristics of magnetic field components B_(x),B_(y),the tiny cracks with surface dimension of 15 mm×0.2 mm and depth greater than 3 mm can be detected with the same sensitivity,and the determination of the crack direction can be achieved.After the width compensation parameter is introduced the determination errors of transverse and longitudinal cracks are reduced,and the maximum determination error is 3.9°.

关 键 词：交流电磁场检测 传感器模型 有限元模型 裂纹方向 

分 类 号：TM154[电气工程—电工理论与新技术] TH878[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]