现代化进程中我国农民全面发展的制约因素与推进路径  

Restrictive Factors and Promotion Paths of Farmers'Comprehensive Development in the Process of Modernization

作　　者：白描[1] 苑鹏[1] BAI Miao;YUAN Peng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

出　　处：《改革》2021年第12期116-126,共11页Reform

基　　金：中国社会科学院重大经济社会调查项目“乡村振兴综合调查及中国农村调查数据库项目”(GQDC2020017)。

摘　　要：2035年我国将基本实现现代化,现代化的主体是人,让占我国人口1/3以上的农民融入现代化进程以实现全面发展是社会主义现代化建设应有之义。从逻辑上讲,农民全面发展应具备经济、社会、政治、环境、素质与生活方式维度充分且均衡发展的特征。现阶段,我国农民文化、健康及信息素养均有不同程度提高,经济维度现代化进展明显,政治参与情况趋于改善,社会参与呈现个体差异,人居环境改善明显,现代生活方式意识不断提升。现代化进程中,推进我国农民全面发展既有来自体制机制的阻碍,又有来自乡村建设和农民自身层面的阻碍。建议以破除城乡二元结构体制为着眼点,以城乡基础设施和公共服务均等化为抓手,着重从破除体制机制瓶颈、推进村庄建设与强化农民主观意识三个方面推进我国农民全面发展。China will basically realize modernization in 2035.The main body of modernization is people.It is the proper meaning of socialist modernization construction that letting the rural residents who account for more than one third of China's population integrate into the process of modernization to achieve comprehensive development.Logically speaking,the comprehensive development of rural residents should have the characteristics of complete and balanced developments in economy,society,culture,politics and environment.At present,the culture,health and information quality of chinese rural residents have been improved to varying degrees;the modernization of economic dimension has made remarkable progress;social participation shows individual differences;the consciousness of political participation tends to increase;the living environment and living facilities improved significantly.Under the background of modernization,there are not only obstacles from the system and mechanism,but also obstacles from the rural construction and rural residents themselves.Therefore,this report suggest that in order to promote the comprehensive development of rural residents in China,we should focus on breaking the urban-rural dual structure system and start with the equalization of urban and rural infrastructure and public services.In order to promote the comprehensive development of rural residents in China,we should break the bottleneck of system and mechanism,promote the construction of villages and strengthen rural residents'subjective consciousness.

关 键 词：现代化 农民全面发展 城乡二元结构体制 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]