清江河虾头胸甲基富氮/氧分级多孔叠炭片的制备及电化学性能  

Preparation of Rich N/O Co-doped Hierarchical Porous Laminated Carbon Derived from the Carapace of Qing River Shrimp and Its Electrochemical Performance

作　　者：唐琴 周大利[3] 陈先勇 TANG Qin;ZHOU Dali;CHEN Xianyong(Key Laboratory of Biologic Resource Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province,Enshi 445000,China;School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]生物资源保护与利用湖北重点实验室,恩施445000 [2]湖北民族大学化学与环境工程学院,恩施445000 [3]四川大学材料科学与工程学院,成都610064

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第22期22016-22021,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21661012);生物资源保护与利用湖北重点实验室项目(PKLHB1711)。

摘　　要：以废弃的清江河虾头胸甲为原材料,采用简便的一步二氧化碳炭化活化处理工艺,使头胸甲中的部分氮/氧元素以原位掺杂的形式保留,同时以头胸甲叠层中均匀分布的碳酸钙作为原位模板,快速制得富氮/氧共掺杂分级多孔叠层炭片材料。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、激光拉曼光谱仪和比表面积测定仪等对样品进行了表征。结果显示,富氮/氧共掺杂分级多孔叠层炭片具有相互贯通的“特大孔-大孔-介孔-微孔”多级孔道,并具有高的比表面积(1012.2 m^(2)/g)和孔体积(0.975 cm^(3)/g)、高的氮含量9.15%(质量分数)和氧含量26.0%(质量分数)。基于这些独特的结构特征,头胸甲基叠层生物多孔炭展现出优异的电化学性能:在电流密度为0.5 A/g时,最高质量比电容高达380.2 F/g;当电流密度增加到10 A/g时,质量比电容仍有187.5 F/g,说明该电极具有较好的倍率性能。在10 A/g的充放电电流密度下循环5000次后,头胸甲基叠层生物多孔炭的容量保持率高达93.6%。优良的电容性能显示废弃的清江河虾头胸甲在超级电容器电极材料方面具有很好的应用前景。Rich N/O co-doped hierarchical porous laminated carbon was successfully prepared via one-step carbonization combined with CO_(2)activation approach,using the wasted carapaces of Qing River shrimp as raw materials.Parts of N and O elements were kept in the form of in-situ doping,and calcium carbonate with uniform distribution in the carapace was used as in-situ template during the process of preparation.The samples were investigated by varied means of scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS),laser Raman spectrometer and specific surface area measuring instrument,respectively.The results indicated that the obtained rich N/O co-doped hierarchical porous laminated carbon contained interconnected super-macropores,macropores,mesopores and micropores.The specific surface area and total pore volume of the obtained hierarchical porous laminated carbon are 1012.2 m^(2)/g and 0.975 cm^(3)/g,respectively.The content of in-situ doped nitrogen is up to 9.15%,and oxygen content is as high as 26%.Benefiting from these unique features,the rich N/O co-doped hierarchical porous laminated carbon pile-based electrode materials exhibited excellent electrochemical performances.The specific capacitance reaches 385 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g,and even possesses 187.5 F/g at 10 A/g in 1mol/L Na_(2)SO_(4)electrolyte.The specific capacitance can still maintain up to 93.6%after 5000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A/g.The excellent capacitive performances indicate that the wasted carapace of Qing River shrimp can serve as a new resource of rich N/O co-doped hierarchical porous carbon materials for high performance of supercapacitors.

关 键 词：氮/氧共掺杂 分级多孔结构 碳酸钙 电化学性能 

分 类 号：O646.54[理学—物理化学]