不同温度条件下白眉野草螟对小麦和玉米的选择与利用  

Preference and Feeding of Agriphila aeneociliella(Eversmann)(Lepidoptera:Crambidae)to Wheatand Maize at Different Temperatures

作　　者：战一迪 李海珍 迟宝杰 刘勇[1] 赵春青[1] ZHAN Yi-di;LI Hai-zhen;CHI Bao-jie;LIU Yong;ZHAO Chun-Qing(College of Plant Protection/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Qingdao Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Shandong Province,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省青岛市农业技术推广中心,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第5期764-768,共5页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020MC121);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201705)。

摘　　要：白眉野草螟Agriphila aeneociliella(Eversmann)是我国小麦的突发害虫。其幼虫危害起身和拔节期麦苗,减产严重。但其是否能够危害同期直播或套种玉米尚有待研究。明确在不同温度条件下,白眉野草螟对小麦和玉米的选择适应性,可为该虫的监测预警和持续有效控制提供依据。在18℃、23℃和27℃3个温度条件下,测定了白眉野草螟幼虫对小麦和玉米2种寄主植物的取食选择性,并统计比较了幼虫的体重和食物利用率。方差分析结果表明,食物因素对白眉野草螟初孵幼虫在不同时间的选择性影响显著(24 h:P<0.05;72 h:P<0.01)。在23℃和27℃条件下,均表现24 h后显著趋向取食玉米(P<0.05);在18℃、23℃和27℃条件下,均表现出72 h后显著偏向于取食小麦(P<0.05)。温度和食物对白眉野草螟幼虫期的食物利用率的影响交互作用显著(P<0.01)。幼虫体重受温度、食物影响显著(P<0.01)。随温度升高,体重呈下降趋势。在23℃时,白眉野草螟取食小麦幼虫体重显著高于取食玉米(P<0.05),其他温度条件下无显著性差异;18℃时,取食小麦食物利用率最高(P<0.05),并显著高于取食玉米;27℃时,对玉米的利用率显著高于小麦(P<0.05)。研究表明,白眉野草螟可能危害黄淮海冬麦区直播或套种苗期玉米。Agriphila aeneociliella(Eversmann)(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) has outbroken as insect pest of wheat in China. Its larvae severely damaged wheat plant from standing to jointing stages and caused substantial yield losses in wheat crop.However, whether it can damage direct seeding or interplanting maize at the same time remains to be studied. In order to provide a basis for the monitoring, early warning as well as the sustainable and effective control of A. aeneociliella, its preference and adaptability to wheat and maize under different temperatures was investigated. The food preferences of A.aeneociliella larvae to wheat and maize were observed at 18, 23 and 27 ℃, and the body weight and food conversion efficiency of the larvae were calculated. Variance analysis showed that food factor had a significant effect on the preference of the newly hatched larvae at different times(24 h: P<0.05;72 h: P<0.01). The proportions of the preference of the newly hatched A. aeneociliella larvae to maize were significant higher than those to wheat at 23 ℃ and 27 ℃ after 24 h ingestion(P<0.05), while the proportions to wheat were significant higher at 18 ℃, 23℃ and 27 ℃ after 72 h ingestion(P<0.05). The interaction of temperature and food on the food conversion efficiency in larval stage was significant(P<0.01). Larval weight was significantly affected by both temperature and food(P<0.01). The body weight decreased with the increase of temperature. At 23 ℃, the body weight of larvae feeding on wheat was significantly higher than that of maize(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference at other temperatures. At 18 ℃, the food conversion efficiency of the larvae feeding on wheat, which was significantly higher than that of feeding on maize, was the highest compared to other temperatures(P<0.05). While the food conversion efficiency of maize was significantly higher than that of wheat at 27 ℃(P<0.05). The results showed that A. aeneociliella might damage maize seedling in direct seeding or interplanting area in Hu

关 键 词：白眉野草螟 温度 农作物 交互作用 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]