武功山地区野生有毒植物资源研究  

Wild Poisonous Plant Resources in Wugongshan Region, China

作　　者：张帆靖 周雯 颜静茹 陈加蓓 陈功锡[2] ZHANG Fan-jing;ZHOU Wen;YAN Jing-ru;CHEN Jia-bei;CHEN Gong-xi(College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]吉首大学药学院,湖南吉首416000 [3]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《亚热带植物科学》2021年第4期290-300,共11页Subtropical Plant Science

基　　金：国家科技基础性专项重点项目子课题(2013FY11500-1-5)。

摘　　要：为了解武功山地区有毒植物资源情况及毒性特点,有效保护与利用武功山有毒植物资源,通过野外实地考察并结合查阅文献资料的方法,对该地区的有毒植物进行统计分析。结果显示,武功山地区共有有毒植物75科179属240种;形成以豆科(Leguminosae)、毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)、菊科(Asteraceae)、百合科(Liliaceae)4科为主的数量优势科(含10种及以上),以紫堇属(Corydalis)为主的数量优势属(含5种及以上)。该区有毒植物的生活习性以草本为主;以海拔400-499 m区域内的植物最多,且主要生长在山坡、林中、灌丛等环境中。区系地理成分复杂多样,科以泛热带分布和世界分布为主,属以北温带分布和泛热带分布为主,而种以中国特有分布和东亚分布最多。毒性以小毒为主,有毒部位以全株有毒为主;有毒化学成分颇为复杂,主要以生物碱为主,毒理类型以神经系统毒为主。In order to understand the situation and toxicity characteristics of poisonous plant resources in Wugongshan region, effectively protect and utilize the poisonous plant resources in Wugongshan region, the poisonous plants in this area were statistically analyzed by means of preliminary field investigation and literatures.The survey results showed that there were 240 species of poisonous plants in the Wugongshan region, belonging to 179 genera in 75 families;a number of dominant families(including 10 species or more), dominated by 4 families of Leguminosae, Ranunculaceae, Asteraceae and Liliaceae had been formed. A number-dominant genera dominated by Corydalis(including 5 species and more). The living habits of poisonous plants in this area were mainly herbs;the plants in the area of 400—499 m above sea level were the most, and they mainly grown in hillsides, forests,shrubs and other environments. The floristic components were complex and diverse. The families were mainly distributed in Pantropic and Cosmopolitan, the genera were mainly distributed in North Temperature and Pantropic,and the species were Endemic to China and East Asia. The toxicity was mainly small, and the toxic part was mainly toxic in the whole plant;the toxic chemical composition was quite complex, mainly alkaloids, and the toxicological types were mainly neurotoxic.

关 键 词：武功山 植物资源 有毒植物 有毒成分 毒理类型 

分 类 号：Q949.98[生物学—植物学]