棕榈纤维的制备及基本性能测试  

Preparation and Properties Study of Palm Fiber

作　　者：范芳维 刘拯 陈益人 曹新旺[1,2] Fan Fangwei;Liu Zheng;Chen Yiren;Cao Xinwang(l.School of Textile Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan,Hubei 430200,China;State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan,Hubei 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430200 [2]武汉纺织大学省部共建纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《针织工业》2021年第11期26-30,共5页Knitting Industries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51503162);湖北省自然科学基金青年面上项目(2016CFB459);国家大学生创新训练计划项目(201910495014);湖北省技术创新专项(2019AAA005);湖北省大学生创新训练计划项目(S201910495063)。

摘　　要：通过正交试验对棕榈纤维的脱胶工艺进行研究与改进,以脱胶率为标准,确定棕榈纤维碱氧法脱胶最优工艺:20 g/L NaOH,40 mL/L H;O;溶液,浴比1∶100,90℃恒温水浴处理3.0 h。并对脱胶后棕榈纤维的化学组成、表面形态、聚集态结构、红外光谱、力学性能、热学性能进行测试分析。结果表明,经碱氧法脱胶后的棕榈纤维大部分胶质被除去,脱胶效果明显,脱胶后的纤维虽然断裂强度有所下降,但纤维素含量显著上升,热稳定性好,为棕榈纤维的进一步开发利用提供了依据。In this paper, through the research and improvement of the palm fiber degumming process, the orthogonal test is designed, and the optimal solution for palm fiber is obtained by the degumming rate as a standard: 20 g/L sodium hydroxide, 40 mL/L hydrogen peroxide solution, bath rate of 1∶100, treating time of 3.0 hours and temperature of 90 ℃. The chemical composition, surface morphology, rupture strength, infrared spectroscopy and DSC of the degummed palm fiber are tested. It is found that most of the gelatin of the palm fiber after degumming by this method is removed. The effect is obvious, and the fiber’s fracture strength after degumming decreases, but the cellulose content significantly increases, and the thermal stability is good. It provides a reliable basis for further development and utilization of palm fiber.

关 键 词：棕榈纤维 脱胶工艺 碱氧脱胶 性能测试 

分 类 号：TS102.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]