新型CO_(2)超音速两相膨胀制冷循环的理论研究  

Theoretical Study of a Novel CO_(2) Supersonic Two-phase Expansion Refrigeration Cycle

作　　者：曾钰培 罗二仓[1,2] 王晓涛 董学强[1] 朱顺敏[1] 陈燕燕 公茂琼[1,2] Zeng Yupei;Luo Ercang;Wang Xiaotao;Dong Xueqiang;Zhu Shunmin;Chen Yanyan;Gong Maoqiong(Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《制冷学报》2021年第6期8-14,共7页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2016YFB0901403);国家自然科学基金(51976231)资助项目。

摘　　要：本文提出了以Laval喷管为核心部件的超音速两相膨胀机概念,构建了以天然制冷剂CO_(2)为工质的超音速两相膨胀制冷循环模型并进行理想循环热力学分析和模拟计算研究。结果表明:超音速两相膨胀机入口压力、入口温度和旋流分离段出口压力均对系统制冷性能有影响;在空调温区工况,CO_(2)超音速两相膨胀制冷循环COP为6.69,是现有制冷性能相对最优的CO_(2)跨临界制冷循环COP的1.63倍,且大幅降低系统压力;气液分离时液相速度损失对系统制冷性能有影响,系统COP由9.56降至6.01,相对卡诺效率由0.95降至0.60,但仍保持在较高水平。通过初步的热力学分析和模拟计算研究表明,新型CO_(2)超音速两相膨胀制冷循环在原理上具有较好的可行性和发展前景。Natural refrigerants such as CO_(2) have become a research hotspot.Under high-pressure conditions,a large throttling loss becomes the primary reason for the low circulation efficiency of the CO_(2) refrigeration cycle.Therefore,reducing the throttling loss is an effective method to improve efficiency.This study proposes a supersonic two-phase expander with a Laval nozzle as the core component.A CO_(2) supersonic two-phase expansion refrigeration cycle model is established,and an ideal cycle thermodynamic analysis and simulation investigation are conducted.The results show that the inlet pressure and temperature of the supersonic two-phase expander and the outlet pressure of the cyclone separation section affect the cooling performance of the system.The coefficient of performance(COP)of the CO_(2) supersonic two-phase expansion refrigeration cycle is 6.69,which is 1.63 times that of the existing CO_(2) transcritical refrigeration cycle,with relatively optimal refrigeration performance.Additionally,the operating pressure of the system is considerably reduced.The loss of liquid-phase velocity during gas-liquid separation affects the refrigeration performance of the system.The COP of the system decreases from 9.56 to 6.01,and the relative Carnot efficiency decreases from 0.95 to 0.60;however,it still remains at a high level.The preliminary thermodynamic analysis and simulation show that the proposed CO_(2) supersonic two-phase expansion refrigeration cycle is feasible and exhibits good development prospects.

关 键 词：制冷循环 超音速两相膨胀机 热力学分析 天然制冷剂CO_(2) 

分 类 号：TB66[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB653