相变材料用于可拆卸护臂热防护服的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Phase Change Material Used in Detachable Arms Protective Clothing

作　　者：常敏 王瑜 张颖 陈宗琪 黄乐 Chang Min;Wang Yu;Zhang Ying;Chen Zongqi;Huang Le(College of Urban Construction,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设学院,南京211816

出　　处：《制冷学报》2021年第6期121-130,共10页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201910291031Z)资助项目。

摘　　要：针对传统降温服降温效果差、续航时间低、能耗高、噪声大等问题,本文通过应用相变恒温材料Na2SO4·10H2O在高温时发生相变吸收热量的特性,设计了一种应用于夏季高温环境的人体作业可拆卸护臂的热防护服,并在此基础上进行了热水模拟热源实验和真人实验。结果表明:在热水模拟实验中,防护服在30、41、45℃的工况下,前胸、侧腹、后背、腹部4测点温度在60 min升至最高,4测点平均温度最终能降至约26℃,其中在30℃工况下防护服降温性能较好,在45℃工况下降温性能较差。在真人实验中,防护服在37.1、39、41℃工况下,3 h内4测点平均温度最终能降至约26℃;在60℃高温极限工况下,3 h内4测点平均温度最终能降至约31℃,防护服护臂内外侧平均温度最终均能降至约32℃,低于人体的灼痛临界温度45℃。因此该防护服有良好的降温效果,能满足夏季户外工作者的热舒适性要求。Working under high-temperature conditions is becoming increasingly common in summer;therefore,the working conditions of delivery workers,cleaners,security guards,and other personnel should be ensured,which is in line with China′s people-oriented development strategy.To overcome the shortcomings of traditional cooling clothing,such as a poor cooling effect,low battery life,high energy consumption,and high noise,thermal protective clothing with detachable arms for human operation in a high-temperature summer environment is designed using the characteristics of the phase change material Na2SO4·10H2O,which absorbs heat at high temperatures.On this basis,a simulation experiment with water as the heating source and a real human test are conducted.The test results show that in the simulation test with hot water,under the working conditions of 30℃,41℃,and 45℃,the temperatures of the four measuring points(the front chest,side abdomen,back,and abdomen)increase to the highest level in 60 min,and the average temperature of the four measuring points is finally reduced to approximately 26℃.The protective clothing exhibits good cooling performance at 30℃,and poor cooling performance at 45℃.In the real human test,the average temperature of the four measuring points in the protective clothing can finally decrease to approximately 26℃within 3 h under the working conditions of 37.1℃,39℃,and 41℃.Under the high-temperature condition of 60℃,the average temperature of the four measuring points can finally decrease to approximately 31℃within 3 h,and the average temperature of the inside and outside of the protective arm finally decrease to approximately 32℃,which are both lower than the critical temperature of the human body burning at 45℃.Therefore,the protective clothing exhibits a good cooling effect and can meet the thermal comfort requirements of outdoor workers in summer.

关 键 词：可拆卸防护服 热环境 相变 潜热 降温速度 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB18