明代法外刑的历史兴盛与时代扭曲——以明代廷杖制度为例  

The Prosperity of Extralegal Punishment and the Distortion of the Times in Ming Dynasty—Take Court Rod System in Ming Dynasty as an Example

作　　者：许便红 XU Bianhong(School of City,Guangdong University of Science and Technology,Dongguan 523419,China)

机构地区：[1]东莞理工学院城市学院,广东东莞523419

出　　处：《洛阳理工学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期61-67,共7页Journal of Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：《周礼·大司寇》言“以五刑纠万民”。自《隋律》始正式形成以笞、杖、徒、流、死的新五刑体系。《唐律》仍之,遵循不改。《明律》承唐。然而,在封建皇权至上的社会背景下,法外刑与法内刑兼而用之,廷杖即是其中之一。廷杖是笞杖刑的一种特殊形式,即皇帝可在朝堂或宫门对大臣予以杖责。廷杖虽不见载于历代的法典中,却是朝廷正式使用的刑罚。在明代,廷杖成为常态化,甚至演变成一种制度,其使用次数之多、受罚人数之众、手段之残忍为历代罕见,明代被称为“棍棒下的朝廷”。As Zhou Li Da Si Kou said:"Five Penalties to Correct Ten Thousand Peoples."Since the law of the Sui Dynasty,a new system of five punishments was formally formed.Law of the Tang Dynasty remained unchanged,and the Law of Ming Dynasty inherited the Tang Dynasty.However,under the social background of the supremacy of feudal imperial power,both extra-legal punishment and intra-legal punishment were used,and the court rod was one of them.The court rod is a special form of gauntlet punishment,that is,the emperor can administer the rod to ministers in the court hall or palace gate.Although the court rod is not included in the codes of the past dynasties,it is a penalty officially used by the imperial court.In the Ming Dynasty,the court rod became normalized and even evolved into a system.The number of times it was used,the number of people to be punished,and the cruelty of the methods were rare in the past.The Ming Dynasty was called"the imperial court under the stick".

关 键 词：明代 廷杖 法外刑 

分 类 号：D904.2[政治法律—法学理论] K248[政治法律—法学]