产前超声检查对胎儿泌尿系统畸形的诊断作用  

Diagnosis of Fetal Urinary System Malformation by Prenatal Ultrasonography

作　　者：张俭民 陈保根 ZHANG Jian-min;CHEN Bao-gen(Department of Ultrasound,Xiajiang County People's Hospital,Xiajiang 343000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]峡江县人民医院超声科,江西峡江343000

出　　处：《医学信息》2021年第23期178-180,共3页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的研究产前超声检查对胎儿泌尿系统畸形的诊断作用。方法选取2019年1月-2020年12月我院产前超声检出的60例泌尿系统畸形胎儿病例为研究对象,以分娩后检查及引产后病理解剖结果为金标准,分析产前超声检查的诊断作用。结果60例胎儿泌尿系统畸形病例中,以肾积水最多(27例),其发病位置以双侧为主,且诊断时间相对较晚;产前超声显示,共有21例存在羊水异常情况,其中肾积水病例的羊水异常占比最多(51.85%)。以产后检查及引产后病理诊断结果为金标准,产前超声检查多种胎儿泌尿系畸形(肾积水、多囊肾、肾缺如、重复肾、异位肾)的诊断符合率均>90%,其敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为96.36%、60.00%、93.33%,误诊率和漏诊率分别为40.00%、3.64%。结论产前超声检查对胎儿泌尿系统畸形具有较高的诊断准确性,其检出类型丰富,产前诊断效能较高。Objective To study the diagnostic effect of prenatal ultrasound on fetal urinary system malformation.Methods A total of 60 cases of fetal malformation of urinary system detected by prenatal ultrasound in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects.The diagnostic effect of prenatal ultrasound was analyzed based on the results of postnatal examination and pathological anatomy after induction of labor.Results Among the 60 cases of fetal urinary system malformation,hydronephrosis was the most common(27 cases),and its location was mainly bilateral,and the diagnosis time was relatively late.Prenatal ultrasound showed that there were 21 cases of amniotic fluid abnormalities,and the amniotic fluid abnormalities in hydronephrosis cases accounted for the largest proportion(51.85%).Taking the results of prenatal examination and pathological diagnosis after induction of labor as the gold standard,the coincidence rate of prenatal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of various fetal urinary tract malformations(hydronephrosis,polycystic kidney,kidney deficiency,repeated kidney and ectopic kidney)was>90%.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 96.36%,60.00%and 93.33%,respectively,the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate were 40.00%and 3.64%,respectively.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasonography has high diagnostic accuracy for fetal urinary system malformation.It has rich detection types and high prenatal diagnostic efficiency.

关 键 词：胎儿泌尿系统畸形 产前检查 彩色多普勒超声 羊水量 肾积水 

分 类 号：R714.53[医药卫生—妇产科学]