Making wastewater obsolete:Selective separations to enable circular water treatment  

作　　者：William A.Tarpeh Xi Chen 

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemical Engineering,Stanford University,Stanford,CA,94305,USA [2]Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation’s Urban Water Infrastructure(ReNUWIt),Stanford,CA,94305,USA

出　　处：《Environmental Science and Ecotechnology》2021年第1期22-29,共8页环境科学与生态技术（英文）

摘　　要：By 2050,the societal needs and innovation drivers of the 21st century will be in full swing:mitigating climate change,minimizing anthropogenic effects on natural ecosystems,navigating scarcity of natural resources,and ensuring equitable access to quality of life will have matured from future needs to exigent realities.Water is one such natural resource,and will need to be treated and transported to maximize resource efficiency.In particular,wastewater will be mined for the valuable product precursors it contains,which will require highly selective separation processes capable of capturing specific target compounds from complex solutions.As a case study,we focus on the nitrogen cycle because it plays a central role in both natural and engineered systems.Nitrogen occurs as several species,including ammonia,a fertilizer and precursor to many nitrogen products,and nitrate,a fertilizer and component of explosives.We describe two applications of selective separations:selective materials and electrochemical processes.Ultimately,this perspective outlines the next thirty years of modular,selective,resource-efficient separations that will play a major role in enabling element-specific circular economies and redefining wastewater as a resource.

关 键 词：Adsorption NITROGEN Resource Recovery ELECTROCHEMISTRY Sensors 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]