脉冲作用下Tesla变压器绕组形变故障机理  

Winding Deformation Failure Mechanism of Tesla Transformer Under Impulsive Force

作　　者：吴相佑 祝令瑜[1] 王刚 汲胜昌[1] 刘胜 WU Xiangyou;ZHU Lingyu;WANG Gang;JI Shengchang;LIU Sheng(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory,Xi’an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]高功率微波技术重点实验室,西安710024

出　　处：《高电压技术》2021年第11期3932-3940,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51877168)。

摘　　要：Tesla变压器在高功率脉冲电源中占有重要地位,其次级绕组是机械故障损坏的主要部位。为了研究次级绕组充电过程中所受动态电磁力以及绕组机械故障机理,建立了有限元模型与集总电路相结合的绕组受力仿真模型。先使用COMSOL有限元分析软件提取Tesla变压器的分布参数,构建求解集总参数电路得到次级线圈的电位电流分布,然后将电流分布赋给有限元模型中的次级线圈作为磁场场源,计算磁场以及电磁力分布。仿真结果验证了平行于锥形线圈母线上的电磁力分量是引起绕组线圈错位的主要原因,且错位力的分布集中在两端,垂直于线圈母线上的压紧力有抵抗绕组变形的能力,在同样卷绕力下大径端的压紧力最小,是整个绕组受力的薄弱点,与实际统计结果大径端处故障频率高一致。在Tesla变压器的设计中应着重考虑加强次级绕组大径端处的机械强度。The Tesla transformer plays an important role in high-power pulsed power supplies,and its secondary winding is the main part where mechanical failures occur.In order to study the dynamic electromagnetic force and secondary winding mechanical failure mechanism during charging process,a winding force simulation method combining finite element model and lumped circuit model is established.In the method,firstly,the FEM software COMSOL is adopted to extract the distribution parameters of the Tesla transformer,and a lumped parameter circuit is constructed to obtain the potential and current distribution of the secondary coil,then,the current distribution is assigned to the secondary coil in the finite element model as the source of the magnetic field,and the magnetic field and electromagnetic force distribution can be calculated.The simulation results indicate that the component parallel to the conical generatrix of the electromagnetic force is the main cause of the winding coil misalignment,and the distribution of dislocation forces is concentrated at both ends.The compression force perpendicular to the conical generatrix can resist winding deformation.Under the same winding force,the compression force at the larger end is smallest.Therefore,the weak point of the secondary winding is at the larger end.The practical statistics of the winding faults agree with the simulated result.For the design of the Tesla transformer,measures should be taken to enhance the mechanical strength at the larger end of the secondary winding.

关 键 词：TESLA变压器 锥形绕组 故障机理 集总电路 有限元 

分 类 号：TM41[电气工程—电器]