澳大利亚殖民地时期农机具的发明与革新  

On the Invention and Improvement of Agricultural Machines in Colonial Australia

作　　者：肖璐娜 张箭[2] XIAO Luna;ZHANG Jian(School of Marxism,Southwest Petroleum University,Sichuan,610500;School of History&Culture,Sichuan University,Sichuan,610065)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学马克思主义学院,四川成都610500 [2]四川大学历史文化学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2021年第12期53-61,共9页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“15世纪末至19世纪初的全球农业文明大交流”(项目编号:13AZD044);中央高校基本科研业务费研究专项四川大学学科前沿与学术交叉项目(项目编号:skqy201215,skzd201407);四川大学“区域历史与边疆学”一流学科群建设项目的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：19世纪中后期,澳大利亚殖民定居者凭借着惊人的独创力,改良、设计出了一大批适用于澳大利亚独特地理条件的新型农机具。这一时期,农民不仅在传统犁具的基础上改良了重型破木犁及"毛勒斯法"自制耙等木制农具,同时还设计制造了多种新型农业机械,在农机种类、形制、功效等方面都呈现出了崭新的面貌。这些新型农机具的应用有力地推动了殖民地时期澳大利亚农业生产力的快速发展。In the middle and late nineteenth century,the settlers,by their amazing originality,improved and designed a plenty of new agricultural machines which were suitable for the unique environment in Australia.During this period,farmers,based on the traditional agricultural plough,not only improved the wood-made machines like the heavy wooden breaking plough and the“Mullensing”home-made harrow,but also designed lots of new types of agricultural machines,which presented new images in the aspects of the machine’s type,form and function.As a result,the application of these new types of agriculture machines promoted the fast development of agricultural labor force in Colonial Australia.

关 键 词：澳大利亚 农机具 改良 创造 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] K611[历史地理—历史学]