三唑类杀菌剂在蔬菜中的残留分布及对不同人群的累积性膳食摄入风险  

Residues distribution of triazole fungicides in vegetables and cumulative dietary intake risk to different populations

作　　者：刘翠玲[1,2] 张冉 杨桂玲[3] 王豆 于重重[1,2] 孙晓荣[1,2] 吴静珠[1,2] LIU Cuiling;ZHANG Ran;YANG Guiling;WANG Dou;YU Chongchong;SUN Xiaorong;WU Jingzhu(School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing Technology and Bussiness University,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学人工智能学院,北京100048 [2]北京工商大学食品安全大数据技术北京市重点实验室,北京100048 [3]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《农药学学报》2021年第6期1194-1204,共11页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFC1603004);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(61807001);北京工商大学北京市重点实验室开放课题(BTBD-2019KF01).

摘　　要：为探明蔬菜中残留的三唑类杀菌剂可能存在的累积性膳食摄入风险,本研究基于蔬菜样品检测获得的三唑类杀菌剂残留数据,分析了来自江苏省、浙江省、上海市、安徽省及福建省5个地区的1612批次蔬菜样本中8种三唑类杀菌剂的残留分布,并采用相对效能因子法以及概率评估方法的蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)模拟技术和Bootstrap抽样技术,对目标人群通过蔬菜摄入三唑类杀菌剂的累积急性及慢性暴露风险进行了评估。结果显示:检出较多的农药及产品组合为芹菜和西红柿中的苯醚甲环唑,检出率分别达到23.1%和20.4%,其他检出率较高的农药还有三唑酮、戊唑醇、氟硅唑、烯唑醇、丙环唑、抑霉唑及腈菌唑。各类蔬菜中,黄瓜中三唑类杀菌剂残留对不同人群累积暴露量的贡献率最大,为50%~70%。在第97.5百分位点处,蔬菜中残留的三唑类杀菌剂对各年龄段人群的累积慢性暴露量均低于慢性参考剂量(ADI),其中0~35个月婴幼儿的累积慢性膳食摄入风险商(%ADI)值最高,平均为34.6%,但仍低于100%;在第99.9百分位点处,蔬菜中残留的三唑类杀菌剂对各年龄段人群的累积急性暴露量均低于急性参考剂量(ARfD),0~35个月婴幼儿的累积急性膳食摄入风险商(%ARfD)值最高,平均为51.7%,但也低于100%。研究表明,江苏、浙江、上海、安徽及福建5个地区蔬菜中三唑类杀菌剂残留的累积急性及慢性膳食摄入风险皆在可接受范围内。In order to clarify the possible cumulative dietary intake risk of triazole pesticide residues in vegetables,the residues distribution of 8 triazole pesticides in 1612 batches of vegetable samples from 5 regions of Jiangsu Province,Zhejiang Province,Shanghai,Anhui Province and Fujian Province were analyzed based on the triazole pesticide residues data obtained from the detection of vegetable samples.The relative potency factor method,the Monte Carlo simulation technique and the Bootstrap sampling technique of probability assessment method were used to evaluate the acute and chronic risk of triazole pesticide intake from vegetables in the target population.The results showed that the most frequently detected pesticides and product combinations were difenoconazole in celery and tomato,and the detection rates reached 23.1%and 20.4%,respectively.Other pesticides with high detection rates were triadimefon,tebuconazole,flusilazole,diniconazole,propiconazole,imazalil and myclobutanil.Among all kinds of vegetables,cucumber contributed the most to the cumulative exposure of different populations,ranging from 50%to 70%.At the 97.5th percentile,the cumulative chronic exposure of triazole pesticides in vegetables to people of all ages was lower than the chronic reference dose(ADI),and the cumulative chronic dietary intake risk quotient of infants aged 0-35 months was the highest,with an average of 34.6%,but still less than 100%.At the 99.9th percentile,the cumulative acute exposure of triazole pesticides in vegetables to people of all ages was lower than the acute reference dose(ARfD),and the cumulative acute dietary intake risk quotient of infants aged from 0 to 35months was the highest,with an average of 51.7%,but also less than 100%.The study indicated that the cumulative acute and chronic dietary intake risks of triazole pesticide residues in vegetables in Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shanghai,Anhui and Fujian were all within acceptable limits.

关 键 词：蔬菜 三唑类杀菌剂 残留 膳食摄入风险 累积性风险 概率评估 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学] S481.8[农业科学—植物保护]