湖羊羔羊早期断奶前后胃肠道发育、酶活性及发酵参数的变化研究  

Study on Variations of Gastrointestinal Development,Enzyme Activity and Fermentation Parameters of Hu Lambs Pre-and Post-early Weaning

作　　者：韩铖星 张成新 李勇[1] 蔡小芳 刘鹏 郭艳丽[1] 韩向敏[1] HAN Chengxing;ZHANG Chengxin;LI Yong;CAI Xiaofang;LIU Peng;GUO Yanli;HAN Xiangmin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2021年第12期4442-4450,共9页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860654)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究湖羊羔羊早期断奶前后的胃肠道结构和功能发育的变化,为羔羊的早期培育提供理论依据。选择初生重相近的22只双羔湖羊公羔(初生重3.81 kg±0.55 kg),1~7日龄饲喂母乳,8日龄与母羊分离,开始饲喂代乳粉(按8日龄体重的2%,分3次等量饲喂)和开食料(自由采食),35日龄停止饲喂代乳粉。于8、21和42日龄分别屠宰6只羔羊,检测瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃的重量及十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠、直肠的长度和重量;采集瘤胃和小肠组织,切片后进行伊红和苏木精染色,检测瘤胃乳头长度、宽度、环形肌厚度、小肠绒毛高度、宽度和隐窝深度,并计算绒隐比(绒毛高度/隐窝深度);采集瘤胃、十二指肠和空肠内容物,检测淀粉酶、纤维素酶、乳糖酶、胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性及氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度。结果显示,瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃重和瘤胃占总胃重的比例随日龄的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),皱胃重占总胃重的比例随着日龄的增加而减小(P<0.05);十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠的长度、重量随日龄的增加而增加(P<0.05),42日龄十二指肠、回肠绒隐比均显著高于8和21日龄(P<0.05),瘤胃乳头高度、乳头宽度和肌层厚度均随日龄的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),十二指肠的绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、隐窝深度及空肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度均随着日龄的增加而减小;十二指肠淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶及空肠淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶活性均随着日龄的增加而显著增加(P<0.05);42日龄羔羊瘤胃中淀粉酶活性及乙酸、丙酸和丁酸浓度均显著高于21日龄羔羊(P<0.05)。以上结果说明,和断奶(21日龄)前相比,断奶后羔羊的瘤胃发育增强,皱胃和小肠组织形态变小,瘤胃和小肠中主要消化酶的活性均增强。The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variation in gastrointestina1 structure and function of Hu lambs pre and post-early weaning lambs so as to provide theoretical basis for early breeding of lambs.22 male lambs with similar birth weight(3.81 kg±0.55 kg)were selected.Lambs were fed breast milk from 1 to 7 days old,separated from ewes at 8-day-old,and began to be fed milk replacer(MR)(at 2%of BW measured on day 8,three equal amounts)and starter feeds(ad libitum).MR feeding was stopped at 35 days of age.Six lambs were slaughtered at 8,21 and 42 days of age,respectively,the weight of rumen,reticulum,omasum and abomasum,and the length and weight of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,cecum,colon and rectum were measured.The rumen and small intestine tissues were collected,sliced and stained with eosin and hematoxylin.The rumen nipple length,width,circular muscle thickness,villus height,width and recess depth of small intestine were detected,and the villus to recess ratio(villus height/recess depth)was calculated.The contents of rumen,duodenum and jejunum were collected to detect the activities of amylase,cellulase,lactase,trypsin and lipase and the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N)and volatile fatty acids(VFA).The results showed that the weight of rumen,reticulum,omasum and the proportion of rumen to total stomach weight increased significantly with the increase of day age(P<0.05),and the proportion of abomasum weight to total stomach weight decreased with the increase of day age(P<0.05).The length and weight of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,cecum,colon and rectum increased with age(P<0.05),the ratio of duodenum and ileum at 42 days old was significantly higher than that at 8 and 21 days old(P<0.05),the height,width and thickness of rumen papilla increased significantly with age(P<0.05),the villus height,villus width and recess depth of duodenum and jejunum decreased with the increase of age.The activities of duodenal amylase,trypsin,lipase,jejunal amylase and trypsin increased significantly with age(P<0.05),The act

关 键 词：羔羊 早期断奶 胃肠道发育 酶活性 发酵参数 

分 类 号：S826.5[农业科学—畜牧学]