基于电路理论的东北森林带生态安全网络构建  

Construction of ecological security network of Northeast China forest belt based on the circuit theory

作　　者：朱琪 袁泉 于大炮[1] 周旺明[1] 周莉[1] 韩艳刚 齐麟[1,2] ZHU Qi;YUAN Quan;YU Da-pao;ZHOU Wang-ming;ZHOU Li;HAN Yan-gang;QI Lin(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Science,Shenyang 110016,China;Biological Invasion Research Center,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]沈阳大学生物入侵研究中心,沈阳110044 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第11期3463-3473,共11页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发项目课题(2018YFC0507305)资助。

摘　　要：东北森林带是全国生态功能区划"两屏三带"的重要组成部分,对保障区域乃至全国的生态安全具有重要意义。构建该区域的生态安全网络是对其进行生态格局优化、功能提升的重要基础。本研究基于东北森林带生态系统服务重要性,应用In VEST模型中生境质量分析模块以及电路理论,对研究区生态源地、生态廊道、障碍点和夹点进行了识别,并构建了研究区的生态系统服务安全网络。结果显示:研究区内共识别出生态系统服务源地30处,总面积为16.40×10^(4)km^(2),占总面积的27.3%,以林地、湿地等生态用地为主。关键生态廊道42条,总长度2475.55 km,潜在生态廊道20条,平均长度为420.55 km。研究区内生态改善区的面积为56.45×10^(4)km^(2),根据累计电流值的提升程度,将生态修复区域分为3个优先级,其中一、二级改善区的面积分别占12.8%和24.3%。本研究根据区域内生态源地、生态廊道、生态夹点、生态障碍点以及改善区空间分布格局构建了该区的生态系统服务安全网络,并根据其特征给出了修复和改善的建议,为东北森林带生态格局优化及功能提升提供科学依据。Northeast China forest belt is an important part of the national ecological function regionalization"two screens and three zones",which is of regional and national significance for ecological security.The construction of ecological security network in this region is an important basis for the optimization of ecological pattern and its function improvement.We used the habitat quality analysis module in In VEST model and the circuit theory to identify the ecological sources,corridors,barriers and pinch points,and constructed the ecosystem service security network of Northeast China forest belt.The results showed that there were 30 ecosystem service sources in the study area,with a total area of 16.40×10^(4)km^(2),accounting for 27.3%of the study area,and that woodland,wetland and other ecological lands were the main components.There are 42 key ecological corridors with a total length of 2475.55 km,and 20 potential ecological corridors with an average length of 420.55 km.The area of the ecological improvement zone is 56.45×10^(4)km^(2).According to the improvement degree of accumulated current value,the restoration area is classified into three levels,with the first and second level restoration zones accounting for 12.8%and24.3%,respectively.Based on distribution pattern of the ecological sources,ecological corridors,ecological pinch points,ecological barriers,and ecological restoration zones,we constructed the ecosystem service security network of the study area,and provided suggestions for restoration and improvement according to its characteristics.Our results would provide scientific basis for its ecological pattern optimization and function improvement in the study area.

关 键 词：生态系统服务安全网络 生态源地 生态廊道 东北森林带 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]