甘蔗光合低温耐受性及其与抗旱性的关联  

Correlation between photosynthetic chilling resistance and drought tolerance in sugarcane

作　　者：王海玲 张雅芳 段维兴[2] 丘立杭[2] 朱俊杰[1] WANG Hai-ling;ZHANG Ya-fang;DUAN Wei-xing;QIU Li-hang;ZHU Jun-jie(College of Forestry,,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第11期3577-3584,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460102,31901510和31701363);广西农业科学院发展基金项目(2015JZ16)资助。

摘　　要：为评估甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)光合耐寒力及其与抗旱性的关联,于工艺成熟期,测定了源自国内外671份甘蔗叶片濒临极端自然低温时凌晨最大光化学效率(F_(N)/F_(m)),并进一步测定其中34种重要材料在常见自然低温、长时严酷干旱下的F_(N)/F_(m)和光合气体交换特性。结果表明:濒临极端自然低温时,97.5%材料受寒明显,近1%材料几乎丧失光合功能;34种重要甘蔗材料在极端和常见自然低温条件下的F_(N)/F_(m)值、长时干旱下的净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(E)值均显著线性正相关;内禀水分利用效率(WUE;)、临时水分利用效率(WUE)、叶片细胞间CO;浓度(C_(i))值相关性不显著;而常见低温和长时干旱的F_(N)/F_(m)值与上述光合气体交换参数值之间及极端低温、干旱下的F_(N)/F_(m)值与P_(n)值、蔗汁锤度间均无显著相关性。研究认为,甘蔗群体对低温敏感,相较于常见低温和严酷干旱,极端低温更能体现其光合潜力,并且该潜力还与其正常环境及干旱下光合碳同化能力正向关联。We assessed the correlation between photosynthetic chilling resistance and drought resistance in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) with 671 varieties collected from China and abroad.The predawn potential maximum photochemical efficiency (F_(N)/F_(m)) of the functionally mature leaves was measured at the predawn of extreme chilling.Furthermore,34 important varieties were selected for the measurement of leaf F_(N)/F_(m)and photosynthetic gas exchange during the common chill season and during extended severe droughts.The results showed that,under extreme chilling condition,97.5%of the examined varieties significantly suffered from chilling stress but only 1%of which almost completely lost their photosynthetic ability.Among the 34important varieties,F_(N)/F_(m)under the extreme chilling condition,the F_(N)/F_(m)surveyed from the common chilling condition,the net photosynthetic rate (P_(n)),stomatal conductance (G_(s)) and transpiration rate (E) assessed under extended severe drought were positively correlated.However,the correlations between intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE;),short-term water use efficiency (WUE) and intercellular CO;concentration (C_(i)) were not statistically significant.Besides,the F_(N)/F_(m)measured under common chilling and under extended severe drought was not significantly correlated with photosynthetic gas exchange parameters measured during extreme chilling.Neither F_(N)/F_(m)nor P_(n)correlated with the sugarcane juice brix under prolonged drought.Our results suggest that sugarcane was generally sensitive to chilling stress.Compared with common chilling and severe drought,extreme chilling could better reflect the photosynthetic potentials of sugarcane.Such potential is positively correlated with photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity under normal environment and drought condition.

关 键 词：喜温植物 寒害 干旱 光合适应 甘蔗 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]