基于DSSAT模型的南疆膜下滴灌棉花灌溉制度优化  

Optimization of cotton irrigation schedule under mulch drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang based on DSSAT model

作　　者：杜江涛 张楠 龚珂宁 杜明智 杨莹攀 王兴鹏[1,2] DU Jiang-tao;ZHANG Nan;GONG Ke-ning;DU Ming-zhi;YANG Ying-pan;WANG Xing-peng(College of Water Conservancy and Architec-ture Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,Xinjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第11期3760-3768,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：兵团重大科技项目(2021AA003);国家重点研发计划子课题(2016YFC0400208);塔里木大学校长基金(TDZKCQ202002)资助。

摘　　要：为探究DSSAT模型对新疆南疆地区棉花膜下滴灌的适用性和寻求最优灌溉制度,通过2018和2019年两年棉花开花日期、成熟日期、产量和地上部分生物量等田间实测数据校正和验证DSSAT-CROPGRO-Cotton模型参数,不断调整灌水定额,进而得到棉花高产节水的灌溉制度。结果表明:CROPGRO-Cotton模型对棉花品种"新陆中46号"开花日期、成熟日期和产量模拟的相对均方根误差(n RMSE)均小于10%,对地上部分生物量模拟的n RMSE均小于20%,棉花开花日期、成熟日期、产量和地上部分生物量的一致性指数(d)均大于0.85,表明该模型模拟效果较好;运用2017—2020年4年气象数据驱动模型,综合灌溉定额、产量及水分利用效率进行分析,提出当棉田作物蒸发蒸腾量与降水量的日差值(ETC-P)累计达到25 mm时灌溉,灌水定额为27 mm及生育期内297 mm灌溉定额的方案,是兼顾产量和水分利用效率的最优灌溉制度。To investigate the applicability of the DSSAT model to the drip irrigation under mulch of cotton in southern Xinjiang and find out optimal irrigation schedule,the DSSAT-CROPGROCotton model parameters were calibrated and validated by field measurement data of flowering date,maturity date,yield,and aboveground biomass in 2018 and 2019. The high-yielding and water-saving irrigation scheme was obtained by continuously adjusting the irrigation quotas. The results showed that the relative root-mean-square error( n RMSE) of the CROPGRO-Cotton model was less than 10% for simulating flowering date,maturity date,and cotton yield of cultivar"Xinluzhong 46",while the nRMSE was less than 20% for the simulation of aboveground biomass.The consistency index( d) of flowering date,maturity date,yield,and aboveground biomass of cotton was greater than 0.85,indicating a good simulation effect of the model. Using meteorological data from 2017 to 2020,the optimal irrigation scheme was obtained,with irrigation volume,yield and water-use efficiency being accounted for. When the daily difference between the cumulative crop evapotranspiration and precipitation( ETC-P) of cotton field reaches 25 mm,an irrigation quota of 27 mm is implemented,with 297 mm of irrigation quota in total during whole growing period,which is an optimal irrigation schedule considering both yield and water use efficiency.

关 键 词：南疆地区 膜下滴灌 DSSAT模型 灌溉制度 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S274.1