陕西省饮水型地方性砷中毒防治效果评价  

Effect of prevention and control measures on drinking-water-borne endemic arsenic poisoning in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：范中学[1] 周蓉[1] 郭大伟[1] 白爱梅[1] 杨敏[1] 陈彬彬 李晓茜[1] Fan Zhongxue;Zhou Rong;Guo Dawei;Bai Aimei;Yang Min;Chen Binbin;Li Xiaoqian(Department for Fluoride and Arsenic Research,Shaanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Research,Xi'an 710003,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省地方病防治研究所地方性氟砷中毒防研室,西安710003

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第11期902-905,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省饮水型地方性砷中毒病区人群内外环境砷含量、病情现状及现有患者的管理服务情况,为评价饮水型地方性砷中毒病区的防治效果提供理论依据。方法2019-2020年,按照《陕西省卫生健康委办公室关于印发大骨节病等重点地方病监测方案的通知》《陕西省饮水型砷中毒监测方案》要求,在汉中市勉县,商洛市山阳县、镇安县饮水型地方性砷中毒的全部病区村开展调查。了解改水降砷工程运行情况,并采集1份末梢水水样测定水砷含量;对全村正在和(或)以往暴露过高砷水的常住人口按照《地方性砷中毒诊断》(WS/T 211-2015)标准进行砷中毒检查和病情判定;随机选择5个村,每个村选择50人,采集即时尿样测定尿砷含量;同时了解现有砷中毒患者的管理服务情况。结果共调查13个病区村,均已改水,13个改水降砷工程均正常运转,水砷含量均<0.01 mg/L;共检查12577人,检出砷中毒患者417人,检出率为3.32%,未发现新发砷中毒病例和与砷有关的皮肤癌患者;共检测260份尿样,尿砷几何均值(<0.001 mg/L)小于人群尿砷安全指导值(0.032 mg/L);现有的417例砷中毒患者均纳入健康管理并进行了签约服务。结论陕西省达到饮水型地方性砷中毒病区消除标准,今后应重视改水降砷工程的管理,加强健康促进和现有患者的管理服务工作,巩固防治效果。Objective To investigate the arsenic content in internal and external environment of the people in drinking-water-borne endemic arsenic poisoning areas in Shaanxi Province,the status quo of the disease and the management and services of the existing patients,so as to provide a theoretical basis for evaluating the effect of prevention and control measures on drinking-water-borne endemic arsenic poisoning.Methods From 2019 to 2020,in accordance with the requirements of the"Notice of Shaanxi Provincial Health Commission on Issuance of Monitoring Plans for Key Endemic Diseases such as Kashin-Beck Disease"and"Monitoring Plans for Drinking Water Arsenic Poisoning in Shaanxi Province",investigation was carried out in all villages of drinking-water-borne endemic arsenic poisoning in Mianxian County of Hanzhong City,Shanyang County and Zhen'an County of Shangluo City to understand the operation of water improvement project.One terminal water sample was collected to determine the content of arsenic in water,and permanent population of the whole village who are and/or had been exposed to excessive arsenic water in the past were examined for arsenic poisoning and the disease condition was determined according to the standard of"Diagnosis of Endemic Arsenicosis"(WS/T 211-2015).Five villages were randomly selected,and 50 people were selected from each village.Real-time urine sample was collected to determine the content of urinary arsenic.At the same time,management and services of the existing arsenic poisoning patients was investigated.Results A total of 13 villages were investigated,all of which had been improved in water quality,and all 13 water improvement projects were operating normally,with arsenic content<0.01 mg/L.A total of 12577 people were examined,and 417 cases of arsenic poisoning were detected,with a detection rate of 3.32%.No new arsenic poisoning case and arsenic-related skin cancer case had been detected.A total of 260 urine samples were detected,and the geometric mean value of urinary arsenic(<0.001 mg/L)wa

关 键 词：饮用水 尿砷 地方性砷中毒 消除 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]