从价值选择到价值冲突网络:来自街头官僚的证据  

From Value Choice to Value Conflict Network:Evidences from Street-level Bureaucrats

作　　者：孙斐[1] 王刘娟 SUN Fei;WANG Liu-juan(School of Management,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学管理学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期117-131,共15页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BGL201);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2020jbkyzy030)。

摘　　要：街头官僚作为基层治理的重要主体,其提供公共服务的过程实则是管理多元公共价值的过程。然而,价值的不可兼容性和不可通约性使街头官僚深陷于价值冲突的桎梏而不可自拔。运用Q方法论、内容分析法和社会网络分析法,以49位典型的街头官僚为样本,在稳定描绘其价值偏好的基础上,呈现其价值冲突网络结构,实现对价值冲突复杂性的理解。街头官僚在街头场域中发展出了一套特定的价值选择和价值诠释逻辑,以此聚类分为忠诚的人民公仆、创新的技术专家、开放的关系管理者、廉正的求稳者、绩效驱动者和中立的仲裁者等;街头官僚特定的价值选择蕴含着既定的价值冲突,包括固有价值冲突和偶发价值冲突;价值冲突网络结构中存在“节点价值”“中介价值”和“关键价值”,这三种价值及其拥有的冲突关系是价值冲突治理的重点对象,其中“关键价值”是牵动价值冲突治理的“牛鼻子”。Street-level bureaucrats are major agents of the grassroots governance,and the process of their providing public services is actually the process of managing multiple public values.However,the bureaucrats are shackled by value conflicts caused by the incompatibility and incommensurability of values.Based on the stable description of value preferences from the samples of 49 street-level bureaucrats,this article uses the Q methodology,the content analysis and the social network analysis to demonstrate the network structure of their value conflicts,thereby shedding light on the complexity of the value conflicts.The study finds that the street-level bureaucrats develop a specific logic of value choices and value interpretations in the street-level field,and based on this,they can be categorized into faithful public servants,innovative technology experts,open-minded relationship managers,honest stability-seekers,performance-driven advancers and neutral arbiters;the specific value choices of the street-level bureaucrats involve the established intrinsic and incidental value conflicts.There exists“node value”,“intermediary value”and“key value”in the network structure of value conflicts,and these values and their conflict relations are the main focus of the value conflict governance.Of the three values,the“key value”plays a dominant role in the value conflict governance.

关 键 词：街头官僚 公共价值 价值冲突 网络结构 冲突治理 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]