氧元素的同素异形体  

The Allotropes of Oxygen

作　　者：乔成芳 夏正强 乔佳乐 崔孝炜 曹宝月 周春生 杨奇[2] 高胜利 QIAO Cheng-Fang;XIA Zheng-Qiang;QIAO Jia-Le;CUI Xiao-Wei;CAO Bao-Yue;ZHOU Chun-Sheng;YANG Qi;GAO Sheng-Li(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Tailings Resources,College of Chemical Engineering and Modern Materials,Shangluo University,Shangluo 726000,China;College of Chemistry&Materials Science,Northwest University,Xi’an 710079,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省尾矿资源综合利用重点实验室商洛学院化学工程与现代材料学院,陕西商洛726000 [2]西北大学化学与材料科学学院,陕西西安710079

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2021年第22期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21703135);国家精品课程:无机化学和分析化学[教高函(2007)20号];国家级教学团队“无机化学和分析化学基础课教学团队”(教高函[2007]23号);陕西省高等学校教改项目[(2015)J32];陕西高等教育教学改革研究项目立项课题(17BY103);商洛学院教材建设项目(非金属元素同素异形体化学);商洛学院教育教学改革研究项目(20jyjx112)。

摘　　要：对氧的同素异形体进行了梳理,简要叙述了“固态O_(2)和四聚氧(O_(4))”的制备、结构与晶型转变。其中固态O_(2)相变涉及的研究较多,在超高压下,固态O_(2)从绝缘体变为金属态;在极低温度下,固态O_(2)又转变为超导体。采用以“相变”为主线对固态O_(2)的6种晶体学相进行了概述,并简要评述了O_(4)(四聚氧)的结构与性质。A number of allotropes of oxygen,which can be divided into solid oxygen and polymeric O_(4)structures,were sorted out in this paper.At very high pressures,solid oxygen changes from an insulating to a metallic state;at very low temperatures,it even transforms to a superconducting state.Meanwhile,this paper briefly describes the preparation,structure and phase transformation of various allotropes.Among which the phase transformation of solid oxygen involves a lot of research,six kinds of crystallography phases are described with phase transformation as the main line,and the structure and properties of O_(4)(tetrameric oxygen)are briefly described.

关 键 词：同素异形体 固态O_(2) 四聚氧 结构 性质 

分 类 号：O613.3[理学—无机化学]