2013—2018年京津冀地区大气细颗粒物污染致居民健康危害的经济学评价  

Economic evaluation on the health hazards of residents caused by PM;in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei from 2013 to 2018

作　　者：徐靖雅 么艳鑫 王颖 李培帅 张晓红 佟俊旺 Xu Jingya;Yao Yanxin;Wang Ying;Li Peishuai;Zhang Xiaohong;Tong Junwang(School of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Hebei Coal Mine Health and Safety Laboratory,Tangshan 063210,China;Department of Endocrinology,Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北省煤矿卫生与安全实验室,唐山063210 [2]华北理工大学附属医院内分泌科,唐山063000

出　　处：《卫生研究》2021年第6期938-943,951,共7页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：华北理工大学2018年大学生创新创业训练计划(No.X2018114)。

摘　　要：目的了解大气细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))污染对京津冀地区常住人口造成的健康经济损失。方法收集京津冀地区2013—2018年大气PM_(2.5)浓度与基本社会人口资料,选择循环系统疾病住院、呼吸系统疾病住院、内科门诊和早逝为健康效应终点,应用适当的暴露-反应关系,采取疾病成本法与人力资本法相结合的方法,评估PM_(2.5)污染造成健康危害的健康经济损失。结果2013—2018年京津冀PM_(2.5)污染造成的健康经济损失均呈现逐年下降的趋势,分别为北京:38.15、41.77、40.90、38.18、25.67、20.31亿元;天津:30.46、26.25、18.82、19.14、14.48、10.00亿元;河北:137.19、118.50、74.23、72.16、69.49、41.24亿元,其中2013年河北省的经济损失最高,为137.19亿元,占当年国内生产总值的0.51%,2018年天津市最低,为10.00亿元,占当年国内生产总值的0.05%。结论京津冀地区PM_(2.5)污染造成的健康经济损失呈现逐年下降的趋势,但数字仍然非常可观,需要进一步加强对PM_(2.5)污染的监控与治理。OBJECTIVE To learn the health hazards and health economic losses caused by PM_(2.5)pollution in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei to the resident population.METHODS Fine particular matter concentration and the basic demographic data of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei from 2013 to 2018 were collected.Circulatory system disease hospitalization and other indexes were chosen as the end point of health effects,appropriate exposure-response relationship were selected,and the economic loss of health effect caused by PM_(2.5)was assessed by the combination of the cost of illness approach and human capital method.RESULTS From 2013 to 2018,the economic loss of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei caused by fine particular matter pollution showed a decreasing trend year by year.The health economic losses of Beijing from 2013 to 2018 were 3.815,4.177,4.090,3.818,2.567 and 2.031 billion yuan;The health economic losses of Tianjin were 3.046,2.625,1.882,1.914,1.448 and 1.000 billion yuan;The health economic losses of Hebei were 13.719,11.850,7.423,7.216,6.499 and 4.124 billion yuan,Hebei Province had the highest economic loss in 2013,accounting for 13.719 billion yuan,accounting for 0.51%of GDP in that year.Tianjin had the lowest economic loss in 2018,accounting for 10.0 billion yuan,accounting for 0.05%of GDP in that year.CONCLUSION The health loss caused by PM_(2.5)pollution in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei region shows a decreasing trend year by year,but the number is still very considerable,and the monitoring and control of PM_(2.5)pollution need to be further strengthened.

关 键 词：细颗粒物 健康风险 经济评价 疾病成本法 人力资本法 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]