基于弯扭耦合的大型风力机复合材料叶片结构特性研究  

STUDY ON THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LARGE WIND TURBINE COMPOSITE BLADE BASED ON BEND-TWIST COUPLING

作　　者：张立[1] 缪维跑 李春[1,2] 闫阳天 刘青松 王博 ZHANG Li;MIAO WeiPao;LI Chun;YAN YangTian;LIU QingSong;WANG Bo(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室,上海200093

出　　处：《机械强度》2021年第6期1382-1392,共11页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51976131,51676131);上海市“科技创新行动计划”地方院校能力建设项目(19060502200)资助。

摘　　要：为研究不同类型弯扭耦合叶片结构特性,以NREL 5 MW风力机叶片为研究对象,结合复合材料铺层设计建立不同弯扭耦合叶片有限元模型,通过CFD方法求解叶片气动载荷并对各叶片开展结构模态、强度及屈曲计算,分析不同耦合区域及耦合角度对叶片结构特性影响。结果表明:弯扭耦合叶片各阶固有频率大多低于传统叶片,其中蒙皮耦合叶片变化最小而全耦合叶片影响最大,弯扭耦合叶片可降低内部von Mises应力及应变峰值,提高叶片疲劳寿命,其中蒙皮耦合叶片降幅最大而主梁耦合叶片降幅最小,尤以蒙皮耦合叶片θ=20°减载效果最佳,弯扭耦合叶片切应力大多高于传统叶片,仅蒙皮耦合叶片θ=20°最大切应力低于传统叶片,叶片的弯扭耦合特性对其稳定性产生一定影响,其中主梁耦合叶片临界屈曲载荷降幅较大而其他弯扭耦合叶片有小幅上升,且一阶屈曲变形量均低于传统叶片。In order to study the structural characteristics of different types of bend-twist coupling blades, the NREL 5 MW wind turbine blade was used as the research object, combined with composite material laying design to establish finite element models of different BTC blades, the aerodynamic load of the blades were solved by CFD method. The modal, strength and buckling of the blades were calculated and the effects of different coupling regions and coupling angles on the structural characteristics of the blades were analyzed. The results show that the natural frequencies of BTC blades are mostly lower than that of the traditional blades. The skin-coupled blades have the smallest change and the fully coupled blades have the greatest influence;the BTC blades can reduce the internal von Mises stress and strain peak value and improve the fatigue life of the blade. The skin-coupled blades have the largest reduction and the spar cap-coupled blades have the smallest reduction. The skin-coupled blades have the best load reduction effect when θ=20°;the shear stress of the BTC blades are mostly higher than that of the traditional blades, only the maximum shear stress of the skin-coupled blades θ=20° is lower than that of traditional blades;the bend-twist coupling characteristics of the blades have a certain impact on its stability. The critical buckling load of spar cap-coupled blades have a large decrease, while other BTC blades have a slight increase, and the amount of the first-order buckling deformation is lower than traditional blades.

关 键 词：风力机叶片 弯扭耦合 二次开发 复合材料 耦合区域 

分 类 号：TH83[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]