法国委任统治与亚历山大勒塔问题的由来  

The French Mandate and the Historical Cause of the Ceding of Alexandretta

作　　者：赵娜[1] Zhao Na

机构地区：[1]西北大学外国语学院

出　　处：《世界历史》2021年第5期96-110,I0005,共16页World History

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“阿拉伯国家政治继承问题研究”(项目编号:18ASS005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：亚历山大勒塔问题肇始于法国对叙利亚的委任统治。它是委任统治政府奉行的殖民政策、土耳其的领土收复主义以及国际联盟的纵容等因素相互作用的结果。法国委任统治当局在行政区划、人口管理等方面的分而治之政策,强化了亚历山大勒塔内部各族群的差异,而族群矛盾成为法国割让亚历山大勒塔以寻求土耳其支持的借口。土耳其出兵干涉亚历山大勒塔公投,"收回"亚历山大勒塔,并得到国联的默认。亚历山大勒塔领土主权的转移违背了当地大多数居民维持现状的意愿,为叙利亚与土耳其两国的领土争端埋下祸根。The Alexandretta issue began with the French mandate in Syria.It is a result of the interaction of factors,such as the colonist policies adopted by the French mandate,Turkey ’s irredentism and the connivance of the League of Nations.The French mandate authority applied the policy of divide-andrule in administrative division and population management,which strengthens the divergences among various ethnic groups inside Alexandretta,and ethnic conflicts became an excuse for the French colonists to trade Alexandretta in exchange for the support of Turkey.Through military intervention of the referendum in Alexandretta,Turkey "took back "Alexandretta,to which the League of Nations gave acquiescence.The territorial transfer runs counter to the wishes of the majority people to maintain the status quo,and has laid the root of the territorial dispute between Syria and Turkey.

关 键 词：法国委任统治 亚历山大勒塔 叙土领土争端 族群关系 

分 类 号：D856.5[政治法律—政治学]