马克思主义政治道德的学理透析与逻辑解读  

Theoretical Analysis and Logical Interpretation of Marxist Political Morality

作　　者：王岩 李义 Wang Yan;Li Yi

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院,上海市200030 [2]上海交通大学马克思主义学院,上海市200240

出　　处：《政治学研究》2021年第5期99-108,M0006,共11页CASS Journal of Political Science

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大项目“新时代马克思主义政治哲学话语体系建构研究”(19JZD008)的研究成果。

摘　　要：政治道德作为政治哲学的重要范畴一直被学界所关注。在马克思主义的理论视界中,作为观念上层建筑或社会意识形式的政治道德,不是抽象的价值理念,而是存在于一定社会的经济、政治和社会关系之中,呈现出鲜明的阶级性。立足于历史唯物主义的科学世界观,对人的本质的深入解读是我们把握政治道德的逻辑起点。作为社会关系基石的生产关系构成了政治道德的物质基础,实现了政治道德理想性与现实性的统一;建立在社会存在基础之上的观念上层建筑使政治道德呈现出价值理性的鲜明特质,兼具科学认知、价值批判与理想追求的功能,从而使政治道德秉持政治正义的价值旨归。伴随着社会经济、政治制度的演进,政治道德也必然实现历史形态的转化,从而实现政治道德理想性与现实性、批判性与建设性、历史性与进步性的统一,为政治实践的正当性指明方向。As an important category of political philosophy,political morality has always been concerned by the academic circles. In the theoretical horizon of Marxism,political morality,regarded as the superstructure of ideas or the form of social consciousness instead of an abstract concept of value,exists in specific economic,political,and social relations and bears a distinct class character. Based on the scientific world outlook of historical materialism,the starting point of political morality research is the in-depth interpretation of the essence of human. The relations of production,acting as the cornerstone of social relations,constitute the material basis of political morality,realizing the unity of ideality and reality of political morality. The conceptual superstructure,established on the existence of society,makes political morality bear the distinctive characteristics of value rationality and have the multiple functions of scientific cognition,value criticism,and ideal pursuit,so that political morality adheres to the value purpose of political justice. With the evolution of social economy and political system,there would inevitably have the transformation of historical form of political morality,achieving the unity of ideality and reality,criticism and construction,and history and progress of political morality,which would point out direction for the legitimacy of political practice.

关 键 词：政治道德 人的本质 生产关系 价值理性 政治正义 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] D0[政治法律—政治学]